RHODEISLANDHISTORYPl'HUSl/r./JuvHIIOI>I•:..\\:\)Tj 0.455 0.49 0.447 rg 0 Tc 9.4 0 0 9.4 219.9895 506.88 Tm (1JIlIs'['o]{[L1.sOCIETY\\01..tT\\lO\\l'•\\\\"11.>""nnaR(1:<0:;•1:<;4)x0..!/SSUF.lJ::!jJ.JR'I'ERf.Y.1'1'PROF/lJFXCE,HI/ODE[S!,.INDRHODEISLt\\:'\\T1)HISTORYT.\\H!.EOFCO:\\"TE:\)Tj 0 Tc 8.4 0 0 8.4 234.6609 470.4 Tm (TS\\"01..I,PRII.l'4.!",".:COler11…,_II.HI'u''',r"(;\225."'.tI..\\1,-.\225\225,r.,.,W"I'HIJI",_\\111In,"\225\225,,,,,,W",,."(;,R•",\225\225\2250f)"…..".."W.n-…TtII.C,….,\225\225nf."…..f.\)Tj 0.733 0.78 0.733 rg 0.411 0 Td (,".,,,""."….lt.I,i/>,,,,,…T',S.,,,,,•""……,.'f,.,..,J..'iry,10""''''UO'.0,.'0.";"'"'.':\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.51 0.553 0.506 rg 0 Tc 8 0 0 8 64.279 305.76 Tm (RII"l>t1,1"…unlloot,'t'lru1"111\\""mRhJ<1,!..IIi\\,..1."p.JIJohnHdlRl<:\225TilERtv….l"11'"C"RRt;P<'''1>1vcrOF:\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.643 0.69 0.639 rg 10.4492 0 0 6.3 72.836 349.92 Tm ('Til'..,.I.GR!I…….'I'JUtv\225DUIIbJ'fkrnh.uJKnollcnbergRO(;lR'I1,t.L.\\11IIt….Ih,'okf"56ImideHJd;C"n'rTh"l<s"'"ofrlu-DorrWarRyjouvHFI.1.Rn••InlookinghackattheDorrWaraftertnt'lapseofacen\255tury.whentheviolentfcvling..havebeenprettywellerasedandthei….ue..whichcau-edtheupheavalhave,ifnutfor\255gotrell,become..omewharclouded.iti..extremelyea"rturegardthewhokthinga-,aperformancec1o"Clyre-cmblingafantacticcomicopera.ThemilitaryoperationsWereludi\255DorrtriedtocapturetheSrareAr-enalwithcannonthatwouldn'ttire,the…taremilitiastormedarebelpositiondefendedonlvIna…olitnrvcow,andtheonemankillcdwn..aninnocenthy':tanderin'\\Ja"…achu…crt..,F(,.,\)Tj 0.572 0.616 0.565 rg 0 Tc 9.9 0 0 9.9 671.0357 234.24 Tm (\\'peopleinRhodeblandreallvwantedttltightoverthemutter…at..take.andattheheightoftheexcitementtheGeneralwu-,taking:step-tocOllcnkmuchofwhattherebelswdemanding.Xcvcrthclc…….thcupheavalof18-1-2wa…aseriouscuuughrnarter;it…can-e-wentdeepintothe…n-ucrurcofRhode1…lundlife,anditscon-cqucncc…haveaffectedthepnliticnllifcHfthe…tateever…inrc.Theconn-over…yoriginatedinthccolonialchartergrantedruRhodeldaudhyKingCbur!e…IIin1hy*\)Tj 0.451 0.482 0.439 rg 0.55 0 Td (lr,Raeisin-truetorinhi,tnn.,t\\1.,1"'111111""f1\)-186(,,'1,\255noloav..\\.R.(Brown)l'h.I).(Brm,n)Fell,,,,Rcsc.nchCouncil,Vlcmbcr,oflh,''l.,tf"f111"Brooking;[nstitu\255tiun,D,C.;Umini,trJli,,'\\"i,p1l1,il1I",,,n,"Hi..uHI{II()\\)ETilEOFTHE[)ORR\\\\':\\RwhichRhodeblandwasorganized,a:.weremostoftheAmericancolonies,intheformofacharteredcompany,withaGovernor,IkplltyCovernor,tenAssistants,andabodyofdeputiesdlO"enbythefreemenofthecompany,orcolony.ThetwopointsresponsiblefortheDorroutbreakwerethedefinitionoffreemenandtheapportionmentofthedeputies.Onthefirstthechartersaidnothing;itgavetheCeneralAssemblyfullpowertoadmitasfreemensuchpersonsasitsawfit.Itwasnutuntiltheearlyeighteenthcenturythatafreeholdqualificationwasestablished,andthevalueoftherequiredfreeholdwasalteredfromtimetotimeinordertokeeppacewiththevagariesofcolonialcur\255rcncy,untilin1i9Hitwasstabilizedat$tJ";'.Onthesecondpointthecharterwasfarmorespecific;itstipulatedthatnotmorethansixofthedeputiesshouldbechosenfrumew\255port,foureachfromProvidence,Portsmouth,andWar\255wick,andtwoeachfromanvothertownorcirvthattheAssemblymightcreate,Dorritesraisedotherobjec\255tions-forexample,thecharterfailedtoprovideforanindepcndentjudiciary-c-burtheywerebroughtupsimplytilstrengthentheargumentforconstitutionalchangeandnotbecausetheywerethesourceofanymarkedgrievances.Therewasnodifficultyduringthecolonialperiod,norfursometimethcrcafter.Thecharter,asthelIor-r-in-,them\255-elvesadrnirred,wasaveryliberaldocumentfuritstime,anditsguvernmcnrnlprovisionswereadmirablysuitedtillhecommcrcial-agriculrurulsocietyofeighteenthcenrurvRhodel-Jnnd.Sn."ati."faeturywasit,indeed,thatwhenindependencecameitwascontinuedinfunehygeneralcon\255scnr,inspiteof-omcmisgivingsaboutgoverningafreeAmericanstatehY:IdocumcurreceivedfromaHririshking,\)Tj 0.561 0.612 0.553 rg 0.05 Tc 12.3061 0 0 10 65.2746 145.44 Tm (\\'hatproducedgenuineandtangiblediscontentwastheindustri:dil:ttiullofRhudeblandintheearlypartoftheniucrecnrhcentury.Asthestateturneditsenergiesmurcandmoretomanufacturing,thenon-landholdingpartofthepopulationincreasedsteadilyuntilhyls..;.n,justbe\255foretheIron-War.itconstitutedaclearmajorityofthewhole.'Moreover,theindustrialgrowthtookplacealmostentirelyinnorthernRhodebland,whichmeantthatProv\255idcnccCountyforgedawayaheadoftherestofthestateinwealthandpopulation.Hy18'+0thecityofProvidencealonecontainedone-fifthoftheinhabitantsofRhodeIsland.ButtherepresentationintheCcneralAssemhlyremainedasithadbeenfixedinIMi.\\,(Jutofallrelationshiptothenewconditionsthathadcomeintoexistence.Thu-,politicaldominationwasinthehands,notmerelyofaminorityofthewholepeople,hutofaminorityofthefreeholdersthemselves."Thefirstimportantattemptatpoliticalreformcameintheearly1820'sandculminatedinthecallingofaconstitu\255tionulconventionin182";',whichdrewupadocumentem\255bodyingsomemildreadjustrnenrsinrepresentation,onlyto..ccitrejectedbythevoters.FiveyearslaterapetitiontothelegislatureaskingforextensionofthesuffragewasturnedovertoacommitteeheadedhvHeninminIIazardofXcwporr,a-,urvivorofdie-hardFe;;krali'sm,andwasdis\255missedinextremelyarrogantterms.Afterthattheagita\255tionwaskeptalivehyaworkingmen'sorganizationsimilartiltheWorkingmen'sPartiesthatexistedinotherstatesatthistime,untilonceagainitbegantoattractwidersuppurt.Bytheendof1RJ.lthereformersfeltsufficientlystrongtoenterstatepoliticsasanorganizedgroupknownastheConctirutionalParty.AtthispointThomasW.Donenteredthepicture.Hewasayoungmanofgoodfamilyandexcellenteducation,whosepositioninRhodeIslandsocietywouldncrmallvhaveplacedhimOiltheron-crvarivcside.Hehad,how-,Thehighestnumhcrofvot"sc.rstillJllYclcrtionunderthl"charterW;l'""llcthingoverTheroleoiltheFrccrncn'sConsuunionin\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.668 0 Td (l.m-Ii,1>;.J.2,withJhroJ'!crhUI'lill!'Ill;wd,utfr.1ge,W,H16,702.I"he[Jonpart,\\'cstiruatcdthetotalnumberofadultwhitemalecitizensat,,I,,.,ul2.'1.0110,.1rc",oTlJhlcestimateinJrotnl\243"Ilf1011,000."InInineteentownswith'ltotalpopulationofJj;ofthc72membersoftheHouseofRcprcscnmtives.Thl.'"number"ffreeholdersinthe'e"W.1SJh"utl;(ln.",KIIO])!-1:'1,,\\:\\1)HISTORYTHE01"'rru:PORK\\V.\\i{Who1ll..inrllm..toIhl"forOlfiC'eandl"olilil"lIlPowC'r,IA'InotrrwardTraitors,bUIuithju'tindignationabandonthemu..(ioal,"I..t1,rirClaarluJadr……BamudF.MaD."&.Ill..F.Si.mmo….Lem…lH.Anlold.,'''''''''.l__..--._J,,":_"n,1"'0''''''lhalvu..h..nfold;.\)Tj 0.494 0.537 0.478 rg 0.544 0 Td (..011'111inr,..t.'1""…hand.."hi/,TnI\225\225hIII"n.\225ral"naL.edIhrOIlp;hI't'"01'101"Thiscartnonotfenaillustrationoftheintensiu'offedin);:arousedtheDorr'ar.ThefourmeninvolvedwereailprumincnrWhig.JnJJuringth..,rebellionhaJb..,..,niJ..,ntitieJwiththeI.aan.l(lr.lerl',lr!\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.796 0.843 0.808 rg 0.936 0 Td (-inLtrl,Simmons,1,UnitedStateshadken,'IIdf..,clilcin',,,hin/'(tol1forIh..,chartergmemmell!,1Ihl,\\rll"ldha,1!>t:..,n,Imemberofthe'pecialCouncilcreatcdI"a,iS!inhath!litl/'(Ih..,cri,i,oflntll-4'ithcvnCCITlleinsrrumentalin"If,'rl\255inKDorr"fe,lea'e(rumprisoll,t:1ene.!governcroua"Libcration"lid<'t,"lhcirmotivewasnotI",'.."(orDorr"rhis<au",',hutelr",lliotionlh,llDorrinpri'''Tlh,dmuchmorepopul.rr,'ppt:a!lh,mhewuuld\273uto{it,111<1lhellifhediedthcrc-c-whichhis!-"KJrhealthma.!etlltoreth.1I1like'I,r-lhercsult.mtpublicin,ligll,lti"nwouldrecoil,-lisa'troll,l:-UpOIlthe.\\Iml"rtlicirassociateswere{arI'KJhillerintheirh,lufI)<JTrI",ll'prc<"i,ltc'thicalrularionofpolitical-hencethe'"Four'I"rait"rs,"ever,astronglyidealisticstreakinhisnature,whichap\255pearcdinhischampionshipofsuchcau..csasabolition,bankregulation,andpubliceducationaswellasinhisadvocacyufconstitutionalreform.Ofhisintellectualabilitvanddominatingpersonalitytherecanbe110que..tion;heinn\255riahlybecametheacceptedleaderanddirectinggeniusofwhatevermovementheassociatedhimselfwith.Hehadtwomajorweaknesses,however,whichultimatelyledhimtodisaster.Hepersistentlyoverratedhisownstrengthandunderratedthatufhisopponents,andhismindhadadoc\255trinairestubbornnessthatmadehimunwillingtorompro\255miseortoconsideranypointofviewbuthisown.TheappearanceoftheConstitutionalPartyalarmedtheGeneralAssemblvsufficientlvtoinduceitto011aconstitu\255tionalconvention"in1834-,tofreeholdersandcal\255culatedtoaccomplishaslittleaspossible.ThemeetingsofthisbodyweremarkedprincipallybyacrimoniousclashesbetweenDon-andBenjaminHazard,withtheXewporteraccusinghisantagonistofcommittingsacrilegeagainstthefoundingfathersofRhodeblandbysuggestingthattheirin-titurionscouldpossiblybeimprovedupon,Afterafewfruitlesstheconventionsimplyfadedoutofexist\255encewithouteventheformalityofadjournment.TheCon\255..ritutionalPartythenstruggledalongineffectuallyuntil1837,unabletoarousean}'interestevenamongthenon\255freeholders.Sofartherehadbeennothingmorethanpreliminary..tirringsofdiscontentwiththeexistingpoliticalorder,withoutenoughforcebehindthemromakeanyseriousim\255pressiononthelifeofthestate.Underthesurface,how\255ever,pressurefurreformwasincreasing,andtht'presiden\255tialelectionuf184-0touchedofftheexplosion,Firstofall,thefanfareofthatcampaignseemsatlasttohaveawakenedthenon-freeholderstotheunpleasantfactthatthey,freeAmericancitizens,weredeniedtherighttilvotc,andsec\255')11dly,theoverwhelming\\\)Tj 0.671 0.722 0.663 rg 0 Tc 10.5 0 0 10.5 593.6354 117.6 Tm ('higvictoryconvincedagoodmanyDemocraticleader..thatrhcirparty\\-unlyhopelayinextensionofthesuffrage.Itwasnotju..tacoincidencethattheRhudeblandSuflrugcAcsociatiouappearedT.•aitors;FOllrTheRIlO])EHISTORYshortlyaftertheelection,withamembershipfarexceedinginbothnumbersandzealthatofanypreviousreformorgan\255izationandaprogramdemandinganendoftnecharterandthefreeholdqualification,withanundisguisedsuggestioneventhenthatthesovereignpeoplecouldadopttheirownconstitutionifthcvwantedto.Inthefaceofthisunexpectedstorm,theGeneral.-\\:-:-ern\255blyresortedtotheFabiantacticsthathadbeen:.-0succc..sfulinIRJ4..InFebruary,184.1,itcalledaconventionoffree\255holdersforrbcfollowingXovember,obviouslyinthehopethatbythentheagitationwouldhavesubsidedandthecon\255ventionwouldbeabletoduplicatetheperformanceofitsfutilepredecessor.But184.1wasnot1834..Thesuffragemencontemptuouslyrepudiatedtheproposedconventionandwentstraightaheadwithrbeirownplans.Tokeeppub\255licinterestatapeak.giganticparadesandmassmeeting..werestaged,withbandsandbanners,feastingandoratory.Fromthesegatheringscameaseriesofresolutionswhichledtothesummoning,entirelywithoutlegalauthority,ofa"People'sConvention"tomeetinOctober,184.1,anddrawupforthepeopleofRhodeIslandtheirownconstitution.Yet,whiletheyWerethuspreparingtodefyestablishedauthority,thesuffrageleadersdidnotgiveuptryingt"persuadetnl,:GeneralAssemblyrogiveway.Theymetwithno.,UCCI:SSwhatever.Theclimaxoftheireffortscarnein:'\\b.r.184.1,whenSamuelY.AtwellintroducedabilldraftedhyIJcrr-whichwouldhaveallowedthedelegate..ttltheNovemberconventiontobeelectedbvalladultmalecitizensoftheUnitedStateswhohadinRhuc,kIslandfurtwoyearsandintheirtowns\24301'threemonths.Thesamegrullpwastobeeligibletovoteontherarificuiuuofanyconstitutionthatmightheproposed.Atwellfoughtnardfurthemeasure.!,uimingoutthattheonlyalternativeopentilthepeoplemightwellhearesorttoviolence,huthewas[)CatCHIn'avoteoffiftv-twototen.Therewas,therefore.notthe-IightcsrsignofcomprnmiseinthepoliticalatmospherewhentherimecarneforthePeople'sCcnvcuriontuassemble,Consideringthatthi:.-THEor'1'111-:DORR\)Tj 0.592 0.635 0.584 rg 0.05 Tc 9.7349 0 0 9.1 659.0357 543.36 Tm (\\',\)Tj 0 Tc 9.1 0 0 9.1 671.9547 543.36 Tm (KbodywasproposingtogiveRhodeIslandanewconstitutionwhethertheexistinggovernmentlikeditornot,itssessionsweresurprisinglyplacid,perhapsbccnu-cfewpeoplereallybelievedthatthegatheringwoulddoanythingmorethanairthecontroversyalloveragainandperhapspassafewmoreresolutions.Themembers,however,wcompletelyinearnestabouttheirwork.Inaboutthreewtheypro\255ducedthe"People'sConstitution,"adocumentwhich,ofcourse,containedallthereformstheSuffragePartyhadbeenclamoringfor.Itsspecificprovisionsarenotespeciallyimportant,sincetheywerenotthecauseofthesubsequentconflict.Thatarosefromthesripulntionthattheconstitu\255tionshouldbesubmittedtothepeoplewhowouldbeen\255titledtovoteunderitsterms,andifratifiedhythem,shouldbedeclaredtobeineffectasthefundamentallawofRhodeIsland.Thisreferendum,heldattheendofDecember,showedsomethingover!J,OOOvotesforratification.whichaccord\255ingtotheSuffragePart}',wasaclearmajorityofthepeopleofRhodeIsland-c-i.e.,oftheadultwhilemalecitizens.Thereisnowayof\\'erifringthisclaim,sincetheballetswerenevercountedbvanvoneelse.AllthatC:1I\)Tj /T1_1 1 Tf -0.035 Tc 9.1852 0 0 11.5 692.4597 276.48 Tm (besaidisthat.sincetherewasnolegalcontroleverthevoting,theopportunitiesforbothhonesterrorandfraudwereexten\255sive.and,iftheestimatethatthetotaleligibleelectoratenumbered23,000isaccepted,themarginofsafetywasslender.However,thePeople'sConventionwassatisfied;.afinalsessioninmid-Januaryitannouncedthatthecon\255…rirutionhadbeenadoptedbY:1majorityofthepeopleandwasnowinforce.llercwasthereali-e-ucofthe1)orrWar.TheSuffragePartvmaintainedrhattneRevolutionhadtransferredsovereignty{rumtheBritishCrowntothepeopleofRhodeIslandandrharthepeoplehadtherighttoexercisethatsovereigntyby:lduptingaconstitutionwheneverandinwhatevermannertheysawtit.Theconsentofthecstab\255li-hcdgovernmentalauthoritiestuthisprocesswasnotintheleastnecessary.Thepeoplewerefreetoactentirelybythemselves,and,oncetherhadexpressedtheirwill,theirif'RHO!>EIfI:;TORYTilEl:,stT:;OF'rut:\\)(l1{1{\\\\'.\\R"deci…ionwastobeacceptedquietlyandwithoutque….rion.Itsoundedveryplnu….iblcintheory,butinpracticetht:doc\255trinewasopento..eriousobjections.lrignoredthevcrvvitalbetthatcon….ritution…arcintendedruprotectminor\255iticsju…tasmucha,tocarryoutthedesire…ofthemajority.Jfthemajoritywa…allthatmatteredhen:wouldbenoneedforacon…tirution-c-indced,itwouldbeutterlymeaningle-e-,..inccanycon…rituticnthatmightbeadoptedcouldhere\255placedasarbitrarilyastheDot-ritesproposedtoreplacethecharter.:"-lorco\\'(:r.thedoctrinethatthesovereignpeople:ancha.ngcin…tirutionsatanytimebysimplysignify\255IIlgtheirdesirescouldhe.a…PresidentWavlandofBrownpointedout,extremelydangerousintheofunscru\255pulousindividuals.Allthatwouldbeneccssarvtoseizecontrolofagovernmentwouldbetoholdoneofinformalplebiscites,declarethatamajorityhadbeensc\255cured.andmustera..ufiicienrar-medforcetonuketheclaimgood.Thefullimplication-ufthi:-theorydidnutbecomeap\255parentimmediatelyaftertheproclamationthatthePeople'sConsrirurionwa…ineffect,becau-eitstillremainedtube-ccnwhatreaction…wouldcumcfromtheGeneralAs-cmblvandtheFreeholder:-'Convention.Inthelegislatureat•temptswerenudebyAtwellandotbersrohavethePeople…Con..tituriunformallyadopted,uratleastre..ubmittcdtothevoter…innlegallyauthorizedreferendum,hutwereoverwhelminglydefeated.TheFreeholder…\225("011\255venrion,however,wasmoredeeplyimpressedwiththeneedfordoing…omcthing.IthadIlletillXovcmbcr,stillre..o\255lurclyagailbtcxrcu…ionufthesuffragehutvaguelydi…rurbcdtnt:evidentchangeinthepoliticalatmosphere.and,afteramonthofindecision,ithadadjourneduntilFeh\255t"uar}toawaitde\\,cll)prnellb.Apparentl}theIk•cernhl'rlxdlnting.unufficialandduhiuu…a…ithadheen.h:ldCOIl\255virlCt'dthedeh:gah:"thatthecitadeloffreehold"llffragl•couldnolungerheddended;whenthegatht:ringre:-Ulmoduperation…inFebruarr,18-1-2,itturnedoutwirhamazingcelerityacun"titutiu!l,thel:reemen….Cun"titutiun.remark\255ahly!timilartothedocumentpruducedbyDurr'sadherent!>.ItwasalittlelessliberalthanthePeople'sConstitution,inrbaritretainedthelandholdingqualificationfornatural\255izedcitizensandirsprovisionsforredistributionoftheleg\255islaturewereweightedrather-moreheavilyinfavorofthesmalltowns,butthedifferencesweretrivial.Essentially,theoppositionofthefreeholdersrcpoliticalreforminRhodeI..landhadcollapsed.Unfortunately,thelongcontroversyhadarousedfeel\255ingsthatcouldnothequietedovernight,Iladthelegis!a\255turcortheFreemen'sConventiongivenanyhintofawill\255ingnesstomakeconcessionsalittleearlier,thetroublesof184-2couldcasilvhavebeenforestalled,hutinFebruaryitW:1"toolate.TheDorrfactionwouldnotacceptthemen'sConstitution.ItcouldnotvcrvwelldenvthatthesovereignpeopleofRhodeIslandcouldadoptain:'\)Tj 0.541 0.584 0.533 rg 0.719 0 Td (b.rchtoreplacetheonetherhadadoptedinjanuary\255oneoftheawkwardfeaturesoftheDorrtheorv-c-butitcouldanddidin..;…tthatthi..documentwa..infcr;ortothePeople'..Constitutionandthereforeshouldherejected.IIorr"..followingwas..tillpotentenoughtoachievethisend;theFreemen'..Con-tirutionwa..turneddownbvavoteof80IJtoR689..Thisvictorywa-theapexofI)orr'spower;itwasabohisme-r…eriousblunder.l'ptorhi…timerhcSuffragePartyhadhadanexcellentca-c.Ithadbeena"kingredressofgenuinegrievance….andir-,threattochangethegovernmentofthe..tarebradirectappealtothepeoplecouldhejustifiedbvrhe"h..rinatcrcfu..alofthefreeholder..to…urrcnderalli,;taoftheirprivilege….:'\)Tj 0.616 0.659 0.608 rg 0.829 0 Td (0"'"thethreathadtinallytakeneffectandhadwrung-fromthefreemenacon..tirutiongrant\255ingllIo:--tofthede…iredreform".If1Inr-rhadhadmore-cn-cofpoliticalexpediency,hewouldhan•lettheFrel'\255lllen\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.541 0.584 0.533 rg 0 Tc 10.4 0 0 10.4 489.0073 144.96 Tm (Con"titutiollguintodfecrandc,HlCentratedrhere\255aftl'rOJ1gettingl"!lJ1tr'II,)fthelIewgo\\"el"lllllenthymeansoflheliheralized…llffrage.Ilisdeci…iolltl)in…i"tUplHlcarrringouthisuwndoctrine…co"thimthehulkofhi..pllpular"up\255port,heC<lll'-einthe…tWlIllthought"followingthedefeatofthe1:l"eernen'-.Comtitution,thepeopleofRhodebland..awwhatunlrafew()fthemhadperceivedearlier.battleforcontrolofthestateandtotakeaccordingly.Whenhislegislaturedisbanded,I}orrleftthestateinanendeavortorepairhisdecliningfortunesathomebyap\255pealingtohissympathizerselsewhere,principallyinWash\255ingtollandNewYork.IIIWashingtonhereceivedlittlehutkindword-fromtheIinCongress,mainlybecausetheSouthernersdislikedhisextremetheoryofpop\255ularsovereignty,which,ifappliedintheirownstates,wouldweakenthedominationoftheplanterclass,InNewYork,ontheotherhand,TammanyIIallgaveDcrrglow\255ingassurance."ofsupportintheeventthatFederaltroopswereusedagainsthim.Fortifiedhythispromise.hereturnedtoRhodeblandIIItry,hyforceifneccssary,tilthePeople'sCon\255stitution,liefailedcompletely.(lillyafewrabidpartisans<roodbyhim,firstintheabortiveattackontheStateArsenalinProvidenceOilthenightofMay17,andamonthlaterinthegatheringofthesuffrageforcesatChepachet,aweak,disorganized,anddispiritedassemblage,whichproducedawhollyunwarrantedpanicamongthelaw-abidingcitizenrybutwhichdisintegratedt:\\TIIbeforethe"tatetroopsmovedagainstit.InhisowneyesIlU!Twasnotengagedinrebel\255linn,lIcbelievedtirmlv,andhecontinuedtobelievetotheendofdays,thatthePeople's,ConstitutionhadbeenlegallyadoptedandthathewastherightfulGovernorofRhodeIsland,Thisattitudewasrc-ponsihleforthelastgreatmistakeoftheParty.Thefreeholdershadtinallyacquiredwisdom,andevenalthoughtheyhadtriumpheduvcrDorr,theyrealizedthatthefuturepeaceofthestatecalledforamoreliberal[cu-mofgovcrnmcur.Injunc,18'+2,theCen\255crnlA…scmb!vcalledanewcon-titutionnlconvention,thistimewithfullrecognitionoftheprincipleofcxtendedsuf\255frage.TheSuffragePartymighthan'gutcontrolofrhi-,hudy,\\tcouldcountonthe\\'otesofagOlllimanypcup1cwhosympathizedwithDcrr"subjectivc-,butnutwiththeideaofattainingthembyforce,Instead,followingtheadviceofitsleader,theninexileinXcwllumpshirc,thepartydecidedtoremain(ulllpkteiraloof,onthegroundI<H()[)fo.IIISTORYthatthel'cople',Constitutioncouldbardlvheputintoeffectwithout()\\•el-throwingthech'artergO\\'Crrl\255Itwa-onethIngtomarchinasuffrageparade,butquiteanothertotakepartillarebellionandwheninmid\255AprilPresidentTylerindicatedthat,althoughhewouldnotinterfereinRhodeIsland'sdomesticaffairsunlessitbecameabsolutelynl'ccssary,hewouldsupporttheexistinggovernmentintheeventofviolencebreakingout,Dorr'sadherent:'fellawayperceptibly.ForDorrandthosewhostayedwithhim,therhevhadchosenhadtobefol\255lowedtoirsconclusion.Intheoftheso-called"Alger\255incLaw,"whichimposedseverepenaltiesforparticipatingillunauthorizedelectionsortakingofficeinanunauthorizedgovernment,anelectionwasheldunderthePeople'sCon\255stitutiononApril1R,18-1-2,Dorrbeingchosengovernorwithoutopposition,On.\)Tj 0.439 0.482 0.4 rg 0.049 Tc 0.714 0 Td (b.yJtheinauguralceremonic-,wereheld,onadismaldavinanunfinishedfoundrvonDorranceStreet,withtherainleakingthroughtheonthewould-bebuildersofanewgovernment.Strangelyenough,thecharterauthoritiesmadenuattempttointer\255fere,probablythr'lughunwillingnesstilprecipitateaclashofwhoseoutcomethcvwerestilluncertain.TheirinactionwassomarkedthatseemedperfectlyfeasiblefurthePeople'sGovernmenttotakepossessionoftheStatelIouseandarchivesinProvidence,astepwhichmighthavegivenitabetterclaimtorecognitionasthelegalgovernmentofRhodeIsland.IIowcvcr,inspiteof1}orr'surgings,theFoundryI.egislnrurcrefusedtosanctionanyvigorousac\255tion.Itfritteredawayrhrccdaysinmeaninglesstrivialitiesandthendisbanded,whereupontheoldgovenuncnrrecov\255ereditspositionunopposed.RhodeIslandbytimewassplitintotwohasedonthelocalissue,the.'-'uffragl'Partyandthe"LawandOrder"Party.Eachcountedhurh\)Tj 0.439 0.482 0.4 rg 0.0279 Tc 0.413 0 Td (YhigsandDemocratsinitsranks,hutingcncrnlthc\\Yhigs,asonewouldexpect,favoredLawandOrder,whiletheSuffragePartyhadastrongly1rcmocraticcomplexion.Therewas,inconse\255quence,atendencyoutsideRhodeIslandtointerpretthecontroversyinthesimpletermsofaWhig-DemocraticTHFOF-nn:[)()RI<\\\\',\\1<"H){1I0DEIf]STO){YthatRhodelslnndalreadvhadaconstitution.Thenewcon\255vcntion,consequently,wasexclusivelvaLawandOrderaffair,withtheresultthatitshandiwork,thepresentCOII\255stitutionofRhodeIsland,closelvresembledtheFreemen'softheprecedingFebruary.Thesuffrage'NonSwereapproximatelythesamc,wheretheconserva\255tivcinfluencemadeitselffeltwasintheorganizationofrhenewState_.'nate011thebasisofonesenatortoeachcitvandtown,anarrangementwhicheffectivelvpreservedthesmall-towndominationthathadgrownupunderthechar\255ter.Evenafterthisconstitutionhadbeendulvrarifiedbvtheexpandedelectorate,Dorrandsomeofh'isadherentsrefusedtorecognizeitsvaliditybecauseithadbeenap\255provedonlybyamajorityofthosevotingandnotbvamajorityofthewholepeople.Itwasahopelessla"t-di'tchstand.Forallpracticalpurposesthecontestendedwiththeadoptionofthenewconstitution,exceptforrhefinalHurrvofexcitementinvokedinthetrial,conviction,and-ub-c\255qucntliberationofI)orrhimself.I)"rr'sfailuretoe..tabli..hthePeople'sConstitution…houldnutobscurethefactthathi"movementdidactuallvachieveit…ba…icobjective-exceptinthematterofrenppor\255rionmenrofthe"tatelegislature.ThatRhodeblandwn..broughttothevergeofcivilwarintheproce\273,wasaregret\255tableandunncces-arvfeaturefurwhichboth..ideswerenhoutequallytoblam'e.Thedi..putccoulden..ilyhavebeen-crrled..hurtofrh.irpoint,..inccitwasnot,itW:bjusta\255wellthatIIorr-!,."t.Ifhehadsucceeded,histhccrvufdirectpopularactionmighthan:galJ1edenoughprestigetorindaplaceinAmericanpoliticalthought,anditi..ditiiculttil"el'howitcouldhaveconmburcdnnythingbutinstabilitytothedemocraticprores..ofgnvcrumeur.Wharhewa..invokingwas,Iundamcurally,therightofrevolution,andconditionsinRllildelvlundinIR'+2wen:farfromrequiring..0drn…ticaremedy,TheRevolutionaryCorrespondenceofNathanaelGreeneandJohnAdamsII)'FortwelveyearsIhavebeenreadingeveryletterIcanlindbearinguntheAmericanRevolution,writtenbetweenOctober,IiiJ,whenwordofthenewBritishTeaActreachedAmerica,and:'I.Jar,1778,whenCongresslearnedofthesigningoftheFrenchAlliance.Amongtheseletters,inmilitaryaffairs,thecorrespondenceofXarhanaelGreeneandJohnAdams"duringthecriticalyean;of1776and1777isoutstanding.ThroughouttheperiodofthecorrespondenceGreenei-,knowntohan:enjoyedWashington'sspecialfriendshipandconfidence.Againandagaintheviewsexpressedbluntly,evenvehemently,byGreeneinhisletterstoAdamswere,ataboutthesametime,hintedorexpressedwithmorereservebyWashingtoninletterstoether-s.ConsideringtherelationshipbetweenGreeneandWashington,IthinkthatWashingtonprobablyencouragedthecorrespondenceasameansofbringingviews,whichheshared,forcefullyroAdams'attention.Thecorrespondencenumbers21lettersinall,butthreeofthesehavenevercometolight.Ofthe18letterswhichhavebeenlocated,fourhavenotbeenpublishedpreviously,andinmanyoftheremainingletterscertainportions,largeandsmall,wereomittedwhentheywereprinted.l:'>1,.i.libr..;.n"fL•ni,…il)',…u",in,o:In.tpOOl".,,Yorki.."Ih'.r"I,tn.l/h..R…•olu/ion;.-1(;,tln,,t"JTh..Yo,k.\\I,.K"ollenbtr,o:dioc"…..!th..<;…."'•Ad,m.c""e.p""de"'e.t\225""-"Iin""ItheItllOdehbndJli,turi,.lin{j,…."eburn.,t]"'1""",,,"1inw.""i,k,R,I.,hi.t.,!!"".ndbrolh.."pcr.l.d"f"''''.".1,o:r;O[",ill.11,'",u.ppointedI"comm.nd,h.Rh"d,hiandlr,,"'p'in177".nd,;,".ck,l..ll',".".\225pp,,;nuJ,j"ni",h,i".di<rl'encr.1byIheC,mline"I.1{"u",re…'JuhnAd.m,(liH.U26).doleptcfr"'"\\I…..'hu.rlh10theC"ntin,nl,1C,,,,•"e".""d"co"dpr<,idenl"Ithel•.s,..\\1llorlime"Ith.."""',p"ndencrhe"a,rqudeJ..IheoUBt."dinl':-'•c""l.n,o:l.ndmcn,h-cr"fl•"n'''•…"".IduringpHt"Itl"I,,,,,h."..,h.irm."cdthe..i"n.l11,,,,,.1"IW…nJO,dn,ncr…H,RHODEHISTORYTuacitizenofthe20thCentury,oneofthemoststriking(IfthecorrespondenceoftheAmericanRevolutionisthcfreedomwithwhichmilitarywithmembersofCongressandotherciviliansuhourmili\255taryaffairs.MatterswhichmilitarycensorshipandpresentcodesofethicswouldexcludefrumcommentwerethendiscussedwiththeutmostcandorinCrealBritainand''In,lIll….r.1"11'""\\1_.\\<.1"",Ill'LIUlI:KI'I'•\)Tj 0.05 Tc 5.685 0 0 5.2 293.1551 88.32 Tm (K'r,',,,,,,,""1..LI.,,,,,1/,',.,."i.,1""".i,1\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.557 0.6 0.545 rg /T1_0 1 Tf 10.3125 0 0 10.1 459.3358 526.56 Tm (Americaalike.Itgueswithoutsayingthat(;rt:eneethicsinopeningacorrespondenceonmilitaryaffairswithCon\255gressmanAdamsan:rchejudgedbyIHth,not20th,Cen\255turystandards.Ihan:foundnorcrurc[ofwhenthetwomenbecameacquainted.PresumablytheymetwhenAdamsreturnedtohishorneinBraintree,Massachusetts,duringanadjourn\255mentofCongressinAugust,1775.Greene,attheopeningofthefirstseriesoflettersunMay26,1776,'wasstationedncarNewYorkCity.Adamsrepliedpromptly,huttheletterhasbeenlust.GreenewroteagainonJune2,1776"andAdamsrepliedonJune22,1776."Letterswereexchangedoncernorc,GreenewritingunJuly1+,1776'andAdamsonAugust+,1776.'There\255upunthissectionofthecorrespondencewasterminated,pos\255siblybyheavydemandonGreene'stimeafterthesevereAmericandefeatattheHattieufLongIslandonAugust27.Atanyrate,thecorrespondencewasresumed,byGreene,unMarchJ,1777,withaletter"inwhichhecommentsadverselyuuCongress'sactionintheLee"atlairandinrecentlypassingoverArnold"inthepromotionofgeneralofficers.Perhapsnothinghasmorefrequentlybeenquotedtoprovetheallegedlackofjudgment,ofAdamsinparticularandoftheContinentalCongressingeneral,thanAdams''l'ubli,h<Jilltullin{;e<>qr,•W..hinglOnGreene'./.ii,'"IS,ltli,,",ul(:--..wYurk,lXil).II,+20-11,I'.rein,ft"cil\2531as..tl("'.G".m,'.T"\253'n,<n<P"P"'."hid,h"H'ub'l>n,i,dh'inf,1I1d"•"j,,,u",en<>1,,'prj"I<J(;","e,II.+21-2,.inTlu11'",.""i1.h..Ch.rl,•.F.,,,r;'…1.""',,'.1.llln'l"",IX,"d2-;,lwr<i"./I<rcil<J.O.-\\.1.",,',1I"",k,.'l;f<(""e'.&,,,.,.,,<,II,"AJ.mo'1I"0,k"1.1q•n.I,3H•l'l.",.jn,","atlhi,,im,'.p,i",,,","III""",,1<"Yo,k.lhb>d",ill<"'0.,kingIh'l",,,,,"n;l[{','0<,,,wnier"ilhhim.nd110,,<0.Jed;n<J10,I"''''.".1(;"Tlle"bj,•<!,•.1,''''i"l'i,""ul.1d.."0h..",.J'""h…L\253',.1,•,igtl.he.nH.neJidA,n<>lJtil<l,ailM.0"14,C"np<"p'''\255Ii"b,iJ(JJi<"10J11.ju,,<n".Io,.11,.ftI"'!llju"i""in",nktoAm,,,,'[.1".\225,I",i"u"ubj<d<J,h"l,1""t'"nn\253,i"ll'x.Greene"Suh.unti.ltyc"mpt…in(;,er'n.',(;,unr,I,162_61,Iwololle">reinp,i",leh.nd.,"tk"j,,,,,inl.i'I<-"I"(I11•110),m"j".general.'".fu,,'phW'T1en(17-41_177;).Il"j",killodat1I",.d',Hill.'"RichHd(17ls.1ii;),b,ig.di..g.n..kill.d"IQu..bec."Hugl…,er(c.172'.17i7),brig.die,..I,bl,Il""ounJeJ,1B.<ulc,,'I',incel"n,OnApril13,1777,'"GreeneagainwroteAdams.TwolaterlettersfromGreenetoAdams,abouttobequoted,indicatethatAdamsansweredGreene'slettersofAprilSand13;theAdamslettershaveneverbeenfound,however.OnMay2andonMay76GreewroteAdamsasfollows:IammoreandmorealarmedJayofmylifeatthelocalprepara\255lionsmakingintheseveralStatesfortheirowndefence,insuchasjtua\255rionaswearein.surroundedwithim,lgin.tr,'•andrealgriel'anccI,---ebim,nudebvcueSlale,anJrcfu;.cJh,,\)Tj 0.498 0.545 0.467 rg 0.653 0 Td (IenattheheadufalTair'fullofcapriceandhumours,poisonedwithlittleprejudic csandconceitedoftheirownimportance,caneasilythrowthewholeempire'into.1COI1\255vulsion,unlessthereissomeseasonablecheckprovidedtosilencethoselittledifferencesintheirinhncy.Humannatureiscapableofthoseebul\255lilio",offoll,I',andprudencedictatesthenccessitvofprovidingagainstthem.ltism,l'opinion,thereoughtnottobean:<'standingtroopsbUIwhatareontheContinentalestablishment.Believemetobe,withsentimentsufregard,,,'uurmostohedient,and\253'r,\\'humbleservant,.',RF.\)Tj 0.58 0.631 0.569 rg 1.851 0 Td (•OLUTIOX:RYCORRESI'OXDE:"CEMorrisTo\\\\'n,\)Tj 0.498 0.545 0.467 rg 0.587 0 Td (by2J,1777DearSirYourfavorofApril22.:1cametohandafewday.since.Gener.11Lincoln"isdeservedlyacquittedfromanyblameIfurhisdefeat011:\)-250(pril131.Itisasyuuobserveimp'-,.,sibletoguarJagainsttheintrigue,oftheToriesandthenegligenceofthemilitia.HoweverIhopewith:<'OUrharfewsuchsurpriseswilltakeplace.Imootsincerelylamentthegre..tinattentionandindifferenceth"tappearsamongthetroopsingeneralabouttherecruitinglhearmy.Ihaveinhopesthatabetterspiritwillprevailsoon,IfnotIhopethatdraftingfromthemilitiaandexemptingallthosefromthemilitiaservicethatpm\255curesarecruitwillguneartofillthearmy.Ifnotwemullsupplythedefectmore";gilence,aCli"ityandspirit.Themonuments.I'OUarcerectingtothememoryofthegreatheroes\\\\"arren,'•:'I-!OnlgoT11ery,'''and:'I-Iercer""willbeapleasingcircumsl:JnCetothearm:'ingeneral,and,atthesametime.apieceofjusticeduetothehr.n'eryoflheunfortunategenerals.Thesethingsarcattendedwithhut!(.I,,'ad,•h"dh'"m"j",IIw>oon."f11..ri,,1.,'enl.,-\)Tj 0.05 Tc 8.3269 0 0 6.9 320.5058 155.52 Tm (,,1<,1.1'nw,,,dIhcCnng,e",'•,\\d"",'Il"ork"r.2MI_6…wh.,.tl.efi,"paras-"phi."",i'Io'd,"l'lIi.'cad""Ih.dla,1""',,i"l1theplc\225\225u,e"IYOUr>ofl."hh,•.'''urh,,,tl1,"("wh"",inhi,hu';",'"inthispbce1.1..11gi"c.Uthea"i'lan,.i"Ill.'•I'"",'t.I"wh",ch,'.,Iheh"lla'''e,,IIt'l'''''li,",1<3n'lO>)',hut,I1:lInin,1,,1.,inI""!I',,{numh""ilmm'I.,'he""",,,,me"fm,""'miU,,,,\225\225I,.H,,,i"-drried,""c"."",,',r;"UM,I,J60-62,f",Ih,'firot1"0p,":t!!,apJlI;,h.I.<,t,,,,,_,'"fw,"th."'iginJIinp,il'"lehand.,"I'hiJipJ"h"';'dlu)I.,(1-1;.IMI"l,Il",j",I'u",ti"I",',"h"Jj"'1'UP",•'cueuhim.,.omm.nd,',offhe:>;"llhe,nn'p"lmcnl,Geneu!isgoingtoCongressarmedwithrhcimperialcohortsuf:-.:,Yorktosupporttheassertionthatthenurthernopcr.nionsdependentircljllpunhisbeingcontinuedincouun.md..-\)Tj ET BT /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC /T1_0 1 Tf 8.2 0 0 8.2 260.5896 249.6 Tm (Ji'pH,ionateinyuiryperhapsmnvconl'illceyouofhisinsolence,Ifnot,itwillatlordyouanopportunitvtoconvincethestateofX.YorkthatthesalvationofXonhAmericadon'tdependunthepoliticalsentimentsof.\)-240(lhJn;.'WU11l,1-.Gen\255eralSchuvhrthinkswithmethatitwillbeexceedingdifficultifnottnlallyimpo,;,:ihleforenem:<'topenetratebythewa:'ofT'icundcroga.Healsothinksiftheen<'I11YpushuptheXorthRiveritwillaffordusthetincstopportunirvlUruinthemwecanwish,nolwith!tanJingit1I1a.l'prol'edistre,_,ing10thatstale,-tilRHODEISL;\\:\\,DHISTORYsuggestion,inhisreplyofMarch9,1777/"rhatthegeneralofficersbeelectedannually.IfAdamshadmeanttosuggesttheadvisabilityofCongresselectinganentirelynewsetofgeneralofficerseachyear,thiswould,indeed,havebeenafoolishcouceprion.ButthiswasnotwhatAdamssuggested,Greenehadstated,inhisletterofJune2,1776,thathe,oranyotherufficerwhosetanyvalueonhishonor,mustresignifajuniorwerepromotedoverhim,Adamstsug\255gestionwasobviouslydirectedtowardsthatparticularpoint.Byestablishinginadvancethattherewastoheare-consid\255erarionoftheappointmentofgeneralofficerseachyt:ar,Congress(whichwastheexecutiveaswellasthelegis\255lature)coulddropordemoteageneralofficerwithouthumiliatinghimunduly.InthelightofGreene'sremark,Adams'suggestionwassensible,whichGreenehimselfseemstohaverecognized,sinceinhissucceedingletterstoAdamshemadenofurthermentionofthepoint.GreenewrotetoAdamsagainonApril5,1777,Partoftheletterhasbeenprintedpreviously;'"therestisprintedhereforthetirsttime:;0RHODEISL-\)-209(.'\)-129(J)REH1LL'TIO:"'.RYCORRF.f;I'O;-.;nESCF"',rtl,ur\)Tj 0.541 0.588 0.529 rg 0.05 Tc 6.9492 0 0 6.4 519.2266 134.4 Tm (l.lJ,",,,,,'.1illOd"t>.."1"-'","'""j,I"""",,,,,,,i10"ill,Frome<,")"1,,,111"1''','''1<'Hriti,hII",I"",•,b",,'J,,"(',,,,d..,""GlI)'tinl11",,,,,lJu"hr.tct.B""V,,,,,,,,,tSi,W,lIi,,,,(1-24,1XH-),H,iti.h,om",.nd."i",'\\""'ri..,,"'H"ruli"(;o'e.(c,",..j",l'en",I,,h..irmHl"IIll<'Bu,nJufWH."".observebyDr.l,cc"""lcUcr("IIi,hruthcrthatBurgu,'IlCZ'i,n,altackHuston.I'hetr<KlpSrl'lllaining'"longatXcwportscentstofavorthisopinion.c-ctimeonl}'onunfoldtheirfutureinrcmions.IubseTle,!'ysumebtere,,"oll.',ofl'ongrc>s,thc,larcin{l'MforT'iccu.Icrcg.r.IfCaelcron'"comesOH'rthelakeswithavic\\\\'ofpenetratingintothl'country.GoucralHowc'"mustn.,boundIJPtheXorth[HRivcr,notwithstandingallhisthreatsandpreparationsforPhiladelphia.Prayhal-ealilliepatiencewithushere.Iknoll'youaretiredofen'luirc\255ingafternewsfrom(hi,army.Ihopesoontobein,Iconditiontomah•somemovement.Itl)un,1Br'Mlk,\)Tj 0.478 0.522 0.467 rg 0.66 0 Td (lay7th,Iii;IlearYoursofthe27thoCAprillamto,lcknowlc,lge,Ic.uinotconcurwithyouinscntimeutbecausethel'nem,l'didnOIgo10PhilaJelphiala;tDecem\255hcrthatthey),aJnoinkntionthenO!sinccofgoingthere.[aniof"pinioniftheEnemycouldhave.eot\273vcrtheDelawareimmcdiatcljafterourcrossedit,itwouldh.rccbeenagreeabletutheirwishes.11.1,1thcvetfecreditbeforethl,j'll\\cti"nofourforcesunderGener,lland(iC'neraltheconsequencesmighthavebeendisagrccahle.Theattemptwasdangerous,thechainsofcommunicationfromBrunswickheingexrensivcforthcnumberoftheirtroop>tomaintain,andycrIcannotthink;ul,,,ttolllthevhadmuchtofearfromPennsvlvaniaorXC"jcrscj-.Gl'ner"lhasl"'lthen""tfa,orablc"f'p',rtunitythi;.pringufdestrovingU',pl'rhap,thathewillh.ne,Ii.lJhl'marchedforI'hila,lclrhiaJSsoon,ISthcseasonopened.hemighthan'performed;twithlessth;ll<nnehalfthefurccnlTt""r,I'toacfonl/,li,t.itnow.";ueha>lwkebeforetil<'(ormationofour.uurv,mighthavegin'tJusadl'a,lI."wound-c--bvrct.nd\255ingourprepamtionsforsomemonths,incr"hinl(thO'tl)ryl'",it;unaid,kpril'ingusofIll.'nyI'alu"okY<tU"pini"nis"fnoclllbnlul'lKetl)thl'comincru,all,l.""lJ;lr",),apP,I'rh.uiti,nut.YI)U.hl,\\'lu.I,I'OUconceivedt!l"nmJul'l"f,,"r,HlIl.","rtheJcfen<c','gain>tth"oper"tofellclll,'".in,It\\',1"l(re('upun,houl,!nl>tcontl'nll'.1"ith'\\Jch""gu,',.,mJe\\,\\urc<,I"m,IIaI""lO..onn'il'e,"'I'rml'aning,,\\n'notmiliur:Yours,ilKerel,I,x.(;reenc\225\225\225\225\225littlcelp",n,,,,,andhavegreatinfluence.IwouldbegleaveIuproP'\273l'anotherspeciesofhonor(I)animatetheli,-jogtogreatandworthvactions,Patriotismisagloriuusprinciple,but!Ie'•..,rrefuseherthencccssuyaid\225.LetJnumberofmedalsbestruck,ofdifi'cruntfiguresemblcmaticnlofgreatactions,withJmottocxprc,sivo:ofthesame.Thes"I11cJahtohepn:scntcJbytheCungrnstosuchofthe,,/lieers.ISshallperformSOmegreatandnobleactv--epeciriedbysomepreviousres"lutionfurthatpur•fX>$c.-thcofficerthatclaimsittowcaritasamarkofdisrincrionduetohismerit.Thesewillbe.1speciesorhonoursattendedwithnocxpcnS<'.andatthesametimehavegreatinfluence.The;.willalsoservetofixthehonnorsofthearmy,dependentuponthedignityofCongress;andIcan\255ccivcitanobjecturgreatimportancetounitethewishesofthearm,\\"withtheviewsofCongress.DoctorLenrurd'"ofConnecticutwhowaschaplaintotheartillerylastcampaignoffershisserviceagaininthedepartlllent.Therewillheseveralregimentsthisyear,The,l',1(1'commonlydetachttodifferentbrigadesallddivisionsofthearmy.Thed,x:torthinkshecanservethewhole.Rllthecannotthinkofinthesen'iceunlessthereisamoreampleprovi,ionmadethanatpresent.Ifthedoctorwouldanswerforthethreercgilnent,hewouldmeritsomecxtraordinarval1O\)Tj 0.541 0.588 0.529 rg 0 Tc 7.9 0 0 7.9 321.1165 347.04 Tm (\\'J,nce,HethinkshisserviceswilldeservethepayofaLtColufthetrain.If,m)mande'ern<itthedoctordocs.Heengagedearl,l'intheandhasbeenindcfatig.rblcinthedutiesofhisstation,Inawordhehasdonethinginhispowl'rbothinandoutofhislim'ofdut,\\'topromotetheg'lKldoftheservice.Theckrg,\\'arelila>!certainlyusefulandinthearm,l'anJoughttobedcccmlyprovidedfor,ItisGeneralKnoxes-"opinionandwi,hthatthedoctormaybeappointedtotheofficeofchap\255binforthewholeartilleryofthisdivisionofthearmy.Youwillpleasetoconsideroftheofthemeasure.JconcurwithinwllIilllentastotheproprietvandnecessityoft.rxation.HadthismeasurebeenadoptedinX.E.instea,1ofattempting!lJregulatethcprin',ufthing,itwouldhavehad.,11l1lChbeltcreflcct.Yuurclvonth<:arm,"in!<l'ncTalandmeinparticulardoingeverjthinginourI",,\\,.'rto.ridandas;istth<:Congressincarr,lin.':illt"tiun,',"er,I'nec''''aryresolveasIarasourinfluenceextend"Thec""ml'hal'edestrovcdourSlOH'SatlJmburvillConllecticut-{oroncegirclhl:rncreditforboldrnauoucvrc.Ithil;kthl'yh;IH'paiddearforthcattempt.ItissupposedtheirI""illkil1d,II<HmJ,',1an,!pr;;\255onersemn..)lhcIe"than600,",>,bi,'lL"..",,,,l(I.."-1"jW""J>t",k,l'UI1I1<'lieul;1I"f\)Tj EMC ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 7.6257 0 0 4.4 279.1701 141.6 Tm (,"Jl'..(1i'I),.-\)Tj 0.541 0.588 0.529 rg 0.77 0 Td (,11".,>,,\)-244(1,;l',il1\253'I""(1777),D,ll,;.h,pbi",'Ilheuf11<"1",,"itbG",,,,,..1Putn,m'.lTdR"l'i"",,,,,"ithDtlrkce',rCl/,,,,,,,,1..,,\\;""Y",kin.'>'pril,1776,,1!lei…."dI'..ulu,H<>oku"til",id-Sep"'lllh\253,,,,JL,t\253..IF"rtL,,(,,,,,d"'ill,W,.hinl/lollth,oul/h:--ew.1\253"')'"hue""pl'edilltl,,'h.mln"jTrml""and!',in'et"'","'H.n,yK.noxIll"i,,'.IlJ"'''''''')"f",n,..\\ttl,,''"I),i.)rtl"he"…aren",tin,harl'<.rlil1"..RHODEREVOI,UTIO:":\\RYCORRESpOXDE:SCE5.\)Tj EMC ET BT /T1_0 1 Tf 0.05 Tc 8.154 0 0 8 66.6376 525.12 Tm (operationsentirelyunderth.,dircnionofCongress?H,lleyounoltill'informationthatwehJI"Crespectingtheencmvsforceandours!.\\fl'nOIacquaintedwiththeenemy'smotions.andofoursascarlvJSpossible!Arc.I•OUnotasdeepl.\\"interestedintheconsequencesoflhi,disputeasanyonemaninAmericJ!HJI'"nolyourconstituents,1righttoexpectyou'llgivcyourcounselin"I-"ryinstancewhenilmaybeWouldyuupersuademe.\\'ouareinsensibleufthewcigbtJllllintlucnccyouropinionhathin,111publicmeasures?Underalltheseccnsidcr.nions,howamItoconceiveyouropinionisofnoconsequence,andthatyouarch3Ppyitisnot:Ireadilyagreewith.I'OUinscruimcm.thattherei,nuoneman.eitherinthecivilorrnilitarvline,thatisufsuchmightycom"'lutnc"thatthelibertiesofAmericaarcJ"pcndtntup<.mhiswillorexistence.'I'dthere:Ire,el'"ralinbothdepartmentsthat…..l1lcri"amightscnsiblvfeelthe10"ofatthisrime.IfIcouldpersuademyselfthatambitionwastheleadingprinciple,citherinthecabinetorfield,an,lnotIhecommongu"JofmankindIwouldhavenofurtherccnncxionwiththedisputc;forIfeeltheprincipleofhulltanitytooforciblytothinkmvselfjustitiab!ctosacri\255ricethehappinessofthous.mdsonlyfurthepurposcofrearingupaf"llimportantcharacters.Inoteyourubscrvarionsuponacertaingeneral,thathemighth",ofmoreimportancetothecontinentifhethoughthimselfofless.Yuuropinion.inthisinstance.isI'crydifferent(ifIrememberrig-ht)!rOlllwhatitwaslastsummeruponJsimilaroccasiun.ThenyousaiditWJ,necessarytothinkmoreofourselvesandthing,lesswasIll",waytosurmountdifficulties.Although[theCongressto,upporttheirdignityininstance,yetIhopetheywillcarefullyavoidsportingwiththefinerfeelingsofthegcntlemenofthearmv,unk-sitisnecesoaryfurthegoodofthepublicorlUpres",rn'their011'11•dignity.Youobsen'ethaiprejudicc,caprice,andI'anityarcthccommonoff\255springofallrevolutions,andthai[ha'-",lessto!<."arfromthemthanIimagine.Thl'\)-8(ccI•ilswilluth"'rinneJsethandeCf"';ls",Wilhtheconfll,ionofth",times.andthe….willrageinproportion3SIh",disputegrowsmorcorIe:;,;,luubtfu1.If\\'ouwishtu""labli,h\\,ourOWI1amhnritl;ifI'OUwishtogil''''apropertocl'CrySIJle;iftosilenc",111'thefJC\\iomthatrtstless'piritsproduce;ifyouwishtohef"arc,1abro",l,an,1Im'eJandrespectcdathomc,--t:stahlish:'ourJrm,l'initsfullforce.,'\\'othingcangivcyousoIlluch.luthorit.I,weight.Jndasan.umyat:'ourcomnl.lnd.superiortoJll:'ourfor",ignanddomcsticTh"prospectofsafel:'willb.,acircumstancetoth",peopl"',,mdcon\255ciliat'"andr",cuncilethcmfulll'to\\,our.1dminislralion.Anarm\\'thllSorganized,gOI'crnmcntfull,.inthercspcctil'"theJuthoril.I'ofCungrcssfullyacknowleJgedb….cach,cannotfailofmaking.-\\mericabothe;iS.VandcontentcdandhJ!-'PYathome,andlmedamifear",dabroad.canbemar",mortif\\'ing,mJdistressingtothefeelingsofhumanit:--thanalongofth",presentcabmitieijandmoreespeciallywhenweconsiderthat,byapropcrexertion,w",mayexterminate{hosehostileinvadersofhumanhappinessand{heofmankind.Rememberthelong1\\'JrwiththeUnitedStates(oftheXcthcrlands];andtheblood,lndtreasuresp",ntinthatdisputeforwantofJproperexertionatfirst,[havenowishtoseesuchalargeprop<>rtionofimportantofficersinthemilitarydepartmentintheh3ndsofforeigners.Icannothelpconsideringthema"somanyspiesinourcamp,read:'totaketheirmeasuresastheirinterestmavdirect.Ifforcignersareintroduced.theircommandshouldnotbeHr::extensive,thentheinjurycannotbegreat,buteveninthise,1SCitisaninjurytoAmcrica,forthemultiplyingofficersgivesusnointernalstrength..-\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.05 Tc 8.0926 0 0 8 535.6077 415.2 Tm (goodnurseryofofficers.taughthycxpericncc,firmlyattachedtotheinterestofthecounlry,agreatsecuritya.o:aimtforcigninvaders.Theonlytvcthatwehoveuponforeigners,isthesentimentofhonour,tooslenderforthehappinessofacountrytodependupon.c-c-whilcofficerscreated(romamongthepeoplearcbound,notonlyh.l•thetil'!ofhonour,butbvthatofinterestandfamilvconncxion.we,inmanvin\255stances,seeforcc"fBritishgold;letusnotneglect10guarditsinfluence.Ihaven"n.rrrowprejudicesuponthissubject,neitherhanIanvprivatediHcrcnccswithmyofthosegenllemen,\)Tj 0.592 0.643 0.584 rg 0.625 0 Td (1.1'opinionisfoundedUp<.lllthl'generalconductofmankind.ByJ_'1'.1'uutofBrunswickthisch:'IaminformedtheenemyH'"m3kr\255illgpreparationstoleaveth.ltI'h"e.Thediaaffcctcdinhabitantsare",n\255,kn'oring10gelhou",sill:'\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 1.208 0 Td (York,Thespysaisourfrien,1sinHrunswickhJI'Creceivedletter'frornlheirfriendsatXYorkgivinganaccountofthelrmburvatfair.The"writethecnernv10'19\\lOkille,i,woundedandmissing:Thisaccountiftrucma:-omsc;leusinsomedegreeforthe10"ofourstores.ThecucmvgavcGeneralArnoldthecharacterofadevilishtightingfcllow,Yuurs,i'l(crcly:'\\.{;rcenc.On;\)Tj 0.408 0.443 0.396 rg 0.05 Tc 12.2721 0 0 10.5 483.849 197.76 Tm (b.r9Adamswroll'(';n.:t.:tlc:lJc.nYoursofthc2ndin,tantfame,iuh-toh.md.TheIn,litfcrcnceufthe]''''01'1","holltrenuilingthe.\)-254(rmris,;Circum'l;llw",whi"houghttonl.1k",ronsi,lerwhJlJreth"Causcsofit.Iti,noltllNeh-the\)Tj 0.408 0.443 0.396 rg 0.05 Tc 9.6463 0 0 8.1 694.4738 143.52 Tm (ldmchoh..ri'ingfromthcunfortun,l(ccI'cnlSofthclaS!Catllpai•gn.hlltlhl'['oxathl,,!>tnea111loeunhappySUtcofourFin,lncesIlhi,-hoerasionthis1':lil.ThNe.HeotherCircumstJtKl'S,wllidlHelittleallen,ltJto,\\\\hi.-hcontribute.muchtllOrcth;1I1i,imaginedtnunf.lIurahl"TemperinthcPeople,'I'heI'rcv3kneeofDissip"tion,IkhclUrhny.C;aming,I'm\255\243.,n",n<",-,JnJR1.bph"'tll.I•,tnrifi""thehcstI'col'kupontheContinent,fromtruslingtheir"JT1S,m,1otht:r]{eblionsamont!SCI'Haln-d,mgNflusRHODEISL,\\:,\\OHISTORYSnaresandTcmpration\225.:\\Iultilu,lesofpeoplewhowouldwith,hl"l.,tfulResignJli"n<uhmittheirFamilies10theDangersofIheS"ur,/'shudderHtheTh"u.l:htofeXp<l<ingrh..m,t"whJtapp"JrsIUthem,themoredeS!rucli"eEIf,-.:uofViceal1Jhnpietj-.ThC$CIJ"J,wouldbereceivedmanywithscorn.ButthereisnOIthekssinthemforIhJI.ItisDisciplinealoneIhalcanSlcmtheTorrent.ChaplaimHeoflo:rt"JIuse,Ibelieve,andIwish'Ir,Leonardmightheinthe.\\rmy,UpOIlsuchTermsaswouldbeagreeabletohim,fortherei.nomanforwhomIh3"ekilnorinion.Butthereissomuchinaccomrli.hin/:ThlO.I:oftheKinJIhJtI",i.hG.•a<hinglOnwoul,Jeither3rl"'in'him,orrecommendhimtoCongte\253,TheL'tililYof:\\Idals,haseverbeenimpreS5edstronglyonTn.I--'IInJ."ride,Arnbinon,Jndindeed",hllaI'hilosophuwouldcallilthe'!rongesrPa!llioninhumanarure,andnexttoReligion,themostopera\255rive'Ioti"eto/i:rcltActions.Religion,01ifthetineGentlemenplease,"uJ'Cr<tilionandEnthu,iasm,i.lh.•It'real",tIncentivewheneverithalrreuilcd,hl<neverfaile,JtproduceHeroism.IfourS.Fnlt'lJndmenwer..alonc,an,lcoul,1ha'"etheirowna.l:reJ!.It''JI"fIhi<wouldlprear.HUIintheirprM<:nt.i,ualionIfe3rWe'havelilli,to"'peelfromIhisPrinciple,morethanthePerseveranceufthePeopleintheCamp,'coughttoavailourselvesthenofeventhe•lniof-'leu,ForTn)'ownPartIwishwemulJmaleaBeginning.strilinga'lc,!Jl,withaplatoon/irinlt'alGenerJI.\)Tj 0.686 0.733 0.678 rg 0.513 0 Td (rnoIJ,onHorseback.Iii.HorsefallingdeJ,Iunderhim,JnJliediscnt,mglinghisfeetfromthe:'ilirrup"In.lt3linlt'I.isl'i'lOisOUIoflheIloh'cn,hef,orehi,Rdreal,onlh.•reverse.IIcshoul,jbemountedonJFrcshrceeivingJllorherJ)i"har.l:eu(\)Tj 0.541 0.584 0.529 rg 0.62 0 Td (lu"Iu.•tr.,•,wilhJwoundintheedofhi.1I0r:l<'.Thi.Pictureal"n.•,\\\\,hi.•hIalllinformedistru..lIi'lOn-,if.\)-349(rnoIJJiJnotunfortunatclvh<-IungtnCunn".-tieut,"'oulJhe10makehisF"rluocforIbelieveth.•rchJlebeenfewsuch'…n,..inlhe\\\)Tj 0.624 0.671 0.612 rg 0 Tc 8.4 0 0 8.4 249.4216 245.28 Tm (•orl.l.'"hn'e1101rtill'JII'rcsentforsuch\)Tj 0.541 0.584 0.529 rg 0.343 0 Td (\\•ork>,andmmcoth"rDill-i-,'ulti"s''',ul.lJIl,'nJan,\\llemr'Inintroduce'Id.lk.'Tarationish"lt'uninS,F.The:\\I,I';S.raiscsIf)O,OOut/'i,vcar.Thel{elo:u13tinnof!'ri,e'.1n,1tI,,,'•:mr.Jrgo,arc!I1el,Ure,o{Irnul.lnever\253:c,heJI"tin'orPolit.'.Th"[nt;m;ll;uninn,urLetter.thatthe'En"",,•lu<1inkillcJ,wounded,\\I,,]Pri,,>!w!',1\)Tj 0.624 0.671 0.612 rg 0 Tc 6 0 0 6 128.095 173.28 Tm (0-,ic•n,1,,1Il.llIhur.1I,u'rr;';',memuch;becauseil.,tk"tt,..",hir,l.til"1.nge'l.nnountthathascomefrenn,Ill."otherJuth"rity,Iwi,"our:'\)Tj 0.624 0.671 0.612 rg 0.905 0 Td (.,\)-285(lell,mul,lpractice,1littk11I>ll,'stl'"li,…-(ortll,'ir"wnlntere't,1n.1ll,mout,h.l"tr,1n,millingt"C,,"}(n'".mJinthe:\\'Clbl"'l'c'r,trued,ll",oftil"a<"lion,inIIhid,th,'I•"rer"lIn'rued.TheTruth;dOlleII'ouklhe'ultici('ntforIhem,"lldthl'I'men'Ill""11,,'1,,.1tll,,th"l1l>eh-esofShit'I,1ofIJefe"K",""h,'n'""n;,ll1.l•.\\n,"rDi"h"ne'tI'olil•"-,at"rrJctieed.1gainltIhem.RfTOI.t"1'1OS,-\)Tj ET BT /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.541 0.584 0.529 rg /T1_1 1 Tf 8.3 0 0 8.3 576.2843 550.56 Tm (RYC()J<J<ESI'o:,\)Tj 0.05 Tc 8.5567 0 0 8.4 652.2147 550.56 Tm (()F:,\\CFwastoo(orTiour..wa;encampeduponsomellill,"",'nl,'mil,'sfr"m,h,''al<CTSofthe'Lake,or.It]ea'llell,•carcalarmedherewithfn-quentJ\253""unts"fnumerous!)e<crtion<fromIstherenoRemcJ)'{orIhisEvil.Howetr:-'ingllandalHribery.lieisSC'nJinghi.allabout,and5CJ\\1eringmini,terialGoJ,1.Theyd,'spairo{thec!f\253tsofForce,andHenowattemptingBriber:-'andIminuation,whicharcmorepro,'nkingthanalltheirCruehies.WhalElfen"""IJthesehaveinX.EnglanJIStueheytheSecretarj-,isanoMPartiunalElectioneering,longinrheKaysofCorruption,lungaministerial,\\!,ent,inIhalWorkandtheGreatest'hslerofi"inthc:'\)Tj 0.624 0.671 0.612 rg 0.824 0 Td (nion.SdceteJforthnPurpose10hesenlhere,don'tsometimes,practice:\\Iethod."o{holding"psu(hChaunenamonit'vourenemies,totheContemptJnJlIalrdoftheSoldien•!Ihn,fIhalealonglxcuseme,JndbelievemeI.-.!x-,wilh/,:re.'1TrUlhIn,jR"IPd,tTl"..'tn1'l"JientServant.loho,bm'jToI",j'("IIII"1I1.1…1intilt'11,'_\)108(1iJHlt')"L'I•R.,1.','TlI"Hl.'.R)L.'I"'1IH'ML',("1•.1'"""'1'RI,,,,/.S,,,IC/\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.05 Tc 7.3655 0 0 7.2 695.369 87.36 Tm ((."./I""i"",:\)Tj 0.05 Tc 8.6926 0 0 8.2 526.5155 550.08 Tm (RHODEISL-\\:-':UFRGOESWEST;-ARhodeIslanderGoesWesttoIndiana(1817-1818)CommunicatedbyGt:ORGF.A.\)Tj 0.569 0.616 0.561 rg 0.05 Tc 9.1421 0 0 8.3 252.476 491.04 Tm (\\"IIITE,JR.FortHarr-ison\)Tj 0.416 0.451 0.408 rg 0.577 0 Td (luchIS'h181!llklT:'olothcr….inccaril'ealhereIhavewrinenthreetimesandnotvelreceivedJI1an""el'10eilhcrofletters,InowhegintothinlthatIJIDquitefurgonenhUIwjlltryoncemoreperhapsethisreceivesomenoticefrom"ouorFather.Ih..\\en.;1purchasedJ.nybndrclanJindeedIdonotknowofbUIhalfsection(ofnne'luulerofPrairieJ.nJ001"ofWooJ)lhuIlhinkischeap,for!oJil,iti.aLoulionJ.ndbelongs10J.gentlemanin;-';York.Ihavewrittentl'him&:havesinceh.',•ninformedJudgeCol…mJn1"Ihalh…re.•ci\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0 Tc 2.615 0 Td (….1Jletterfromhimwishing10lnowifhecouldsellitt-UInOImentionedtheprice.WhentheGenllcmJ.nnoct[ofCh-tulJuqua.:-.:.Y.Iwa,onherelastseasonheorieredilfllr,,l"lht,I'racrecashwhichwucheap.Thesituationislinehal'…;ngI'knl.1ofwooJ.1llJwaterIhalbst,JlIlhc.n•lTuronilwhichi,.1OJ,hJIlIJgeIhalt-utfew'IUarlershaveabouthere._\)Tj 0.635 0.682 0.624 rg 0.05 Tc 7.9315 0 0 7.8 86.3803 288.48 Tm (man11I.1tILl,JQuartersectionunderfenceaudoncebreakupcall,upporthimsclfhandsomelyhereforIhelanJwillreutforeight,1"II.H'pracrenrJthirdnfthecmpwhichfor.1qUJrtersectionwouldhcJhand"mw;n\253>l11I•.IJill.1{rJ.idIhal'II'meonewill,e;ititfromme.l'IhercisnnenrIW"Ihal'lomelallofhu.s•ingilJ.nJInOIh..,'einguffi"icnlea,ha,Isupp.-.-;cIh…lerm.willbec..,hforMlhquarters.Jndin,keJIh….1hadoU/i:hl10beloC:pnaleJIhcJ'hy50hJndsom…",g,•lhn.'"J.h"\)Tj 0.635 0.682 0.624 rg 0.484 0 Td (1.l'.I..m.n,bo"n,in"-,ntU<ky,.bt:>u.1-;.,……,1Ih..,,,,,,.-..It""'..hi""""('""nt'_I"di.n\225."hT<"h……ppoin,.JjU<li,.."f,h..F'<'a<",nlSI.nd…"\225.1_i..l..juJtr..IT,,",".."''''',114,,JanuaryJ,181".II.",,,,,.It""i,,,(•n,..inU16…."lin,n….Ih..lut",..,ilfT..rrrIhul".t1……'"I..r…..din,1"Al\225\225hrmNl\225\225nd"J<,I…Ii…,p"w","fT..rr.llam..,..h..n,h..p"".."…….hli,h.J,hT.."nhbnu,yII,III..I>"ill110..f"und.-ti..""fth..'1.."..Il,utc\253m"h"u…inInh1"",…1",un"•,,,m•",;,.ion..;n"i,,,(•"un.y.nd.hAt.m,,•",'"….,pr"indb.\225,II…L..g;.],I""t")'".IIctn..,,,,,,,tv….,''''l'"kre""n….11,',,"'.'tAtC,.n"I..'in.nd\)Tj 0.694 0.741 0.686 rg -0.035 Tc 3.6873 0 0 10.5 122.2704 132.96 Tm (1>.,,,,hc",,,….,1t"\\',•,,,,illi,,,,"I"'r!'II<h.Jh"",I,1r.."J.In10,'''''''cd''I't"I"".(',ty,I"".".""i"fillallJ."'f<'tri'",i.,1:"""t"II"".,,l1d"'C""\\A"'.("•A'Uf'"in,hA,!,e"fth,',.01..,,[I.nd.",hid,p""id,',jbind'l"tth..(on,t,udi"n;.fthcS'''teII"",…liet""kp"'\)Tj EMC ET BT 0.694 0.741 0.686 rg /T1_0 1 Tf 6.7 0 0 6.7 316.7411 108.96 Tm (in"fhc.r"litLolAfti,itic.inhi,htrryCA".ii,IfIonlvhadaN:>UI16UUdollarsIshouldhavenohesitationinlalinll:il001h…forIamshoreIcoulJreceivemvmon…"bad:in1Har;JnJlandwoolJbeworth20dollarsF".\\c;c.l'erilJ.pscthinkIrJ.I",itbcighcrthanwooldbeJClLIJ.llytheU>cbOIIamp<:r,oJJ…JIJonm.Coold",eIhecoonlryyouwouldkcharmed….ithill.'nulIhJ.1Ilhinl'uuwouldbecont…ntedh"'T\\'bUIthat1'00wouldadmir…III…situationofiheI'rJiri…whichar…irnproveing"",ry(J.,ImJ10akw.,-earswillbeaperfectgarJen.IfIdonotpur"hJ5<.•PrairieLJ.nJrerhJ,,'"itwouldhea,ellfurmetuentertimberLandan,lletitlayI;I;1willbeworth'IOm"'lhing!'>Jth,•bybutnOIuutillthePrairiegimtilledup.OntheothersideofIheriverthereisgoodtimberlandnearthe[rontieritissaiJ.Butfewwish10beson…arIhelndians,Tbevarefrequeutlvinatthefunpaintedingrcatsriicha,'eingfacesoffin:orsixJitfcrenlcoloursandIrimmedotfwilhjewelsintheir….ITSnose&:aroundtheirarm,..nJlegs.Arnoldp"nerl:WJ.SmarriedontheIJlhinsr.toJ.missHallofC.ulisk1.1Jgirlof1orIOJofJ.gcanJofquiteJlowIhavenOIseenherbutdesceiprionsheisaonguarJdis.rlilrccJbleIilirl..nJ0"suitablefUThim.1fenhehJ.Ihro"ohimself..ndama•J.lysorr.'•furit..she"ppears10bcalinem..n.II,'laidmeheilllenJeJ,isilingRlelandIhisspringbUIIhavesinceunder\255stoodheha,hought..f..nn..nJintenJsimprOl'eingitnul'heismarricd..\\tmyrateIh"f'ehewillnottalchiswifeon10IheEa'lwJrJIa,furourIndianagirlswmllJnOIbethoughrmuchofifshei,I"becon\255,i,l,'re,!asasample."IIImvlcttcrtoEl;I.'IIllcllllllllwe.h"uldcommencekeepingHachelorhallabouttheI,'hhUInuthaveiugreJ,lyandC"I".J"IKlc,lIaleingnow…ng.,,,…,1afarnilvtobehereb.l•Iherimof1l<'xtl110mhweh"l'egil'coI.Ipmonlei\273!':u\273,illth..1lime.tha"emaJeanaTJn,lotemenl10SlJ.IwilhIhi;'U'OlllerorulllillI,Iotil'lOmebndof"wntoimpron'.I>uIdlfalh"rIU'Hil"mer""p,:ctingwhatIhaJhctlerdo..nJwhdhn,:'1'……nWilll.m..nJl'..(11.,,,.1)P"II.-.."fKin"ot""…'I….juJ,c"..]u.ti"…,1theCou,t"Il'on,n"nPlra.of'V.ohin,tn(""unl',,,.\225,Jin,.,,Willr.in,l•pJihin.1f'..t•,;",.p..1"……J'..<It.Rit.,J.-l,I..fRo.l,n,IQ(J•),I.A,n,IJ"otte,"..nth'11.".,.1,,<litnt"\225.1……"nun..I".-.,int..Hi.e",.anJ,n\225\225,p,i,.:•l•pJik\225\2251,'a."lIT,."ocJ..I..,I.t..in\\tiJJlrk\225\225Y.t..,Y.JuJ,..1'.lla….'n.-,.1,ho.."I>nlcll"nJ.,,h.'p"'1101,h,bmo>".J.n,im."•illr.i"…n."TI>.•I'"hlid,t"i,rn.1bi.nJ:•..10""",..<outrhtt.."",10\225",i..d..b.\225•,ai,i",Ir"",,h.JTaJ""-",,,,10.-'J"u,l/h,,""f.1".1,.j'''llc'.In1-'111,J"J,rl'"ttT<.""",p""j"JJ,•",i",..Wilkin",n"h,,,,hr1,•,1.,h.nJ"fh,"cli.,ipl,•.t"thr"r\)Tj 0.694 0.741 0.686 rg 0.418 0 Td (',,,Jr..T),ej"d,,•landt),,,,c\225\225ndp'c""".,hlyi'i,thi,1.I!lJ"hid,I"h•,,."",.j"lo,h,'r"….i""0',\)Tj 0.635 0.682 0.624 rg 0.05 Tc 8.6068 0 0 6.7 556.1524 124.32 Tm (",,,1.1I'"Ucr.I'"tt,•,,."',,,cJI"l'",,,,h'It"m…Y..rlr..bllth•)1"r""Tlil,Ia".,,,i1;II.lJy"a.IU'd'd1<,"""II"'"hi.,,1.1I"'''l<'th..,c,.<c,,,,clj"l,,,l'rdik,•.II..a..,,1.1,,,th.•It"".Eli'l",R,1'"",…"Iti.i"t<tT"i",,,,,..rh"..thi,h.'nl,d,"'riptiuni,,loantr"J",.1".11.•ill",,,uill'lette…58RHODEISL:\\"DHISTORYARHODEISI.:\\NDERGOESWEST59'"Probabl)•WillenCa'l'""lo,,;,,,,•il/hoo,"1lh,'1'.,brJ.<m11,,,1,,,,:\\"e"k.""Th"m."R",eC""l/d,.",.<"""de,.'tb..Idl('fw,itn,"1….""Iherrdali'T"n),i,"'''Ihn',""U""irl)"",k.,.""TheTo""C"",p,m)',.,Is"k"""".,Terrell.'ulrLanJC"",•p.".",w.,,omp",ed'"C",hh.".<"..1Th""""Rullill'"K,•"I",k)•…..b,.h,"',"'1…ld,"jFU'IIL"ri,un,)",<;<th.,,,'"O,.nfeC"Utlty,["..Ii..,.,.,,,,1Ih-",o,h,'1,.,,,.lk,orI.rS.lleorl.""elle.Thecump."rw.,formeJb)'"'lide'J;,Io•J10,1816.A,,.'ecnfromlh,•l<"1trr.II..,<",,'p.")""tft•teo!illI"n"nJ$4110ll,plu\225\225w"",;"i,,1'1,,1.f",'he,,,….n,,,d.,.",ilefu,publ'.huilJi"ll'"illDearFatherlnmvlettertornvMotherlastweekImcnrioucdahalfofLandthatbelonged10DoctCrosbyofthatwasforsale.JudgeColemanreceivedinstructionsfromhimlastwed\225.Theterm;He:;dol,pracrel,]12hundreddownandtheremaining4hundredillone."tar[-]th"grealistbargainthatIknoll'of.HadIthemoneyIshouldcertainlyhaveboughtitfor[thinkitisasvaluablcntractufl,md.IS;1l1.'aboutherebothwoodJnJw.ucrandthedistance"huut7mil",{rumTerre]jautetheCount'•f<,rthisCounrrv,whichI\\'J',dectl,JonThursdaylastassc.n,;fjusticc.Thecomp;n:'""gave.1,lallation[<;ou1..:1buvthatPrairieLandornut[;IifsoIshouldWJn!thefundsimmediatelyan,1shallwail..forananswerfromhim.'I'ellElizatowr-itehowthingshaveg-onconsinceIleftandwhatthel\\:C\\\\'Sisauddosoyourselfforenrythingfromthat'lllJrtcrwillbeinterestingandparticularlywhether.Iouan:tobnnilanother;;'CU.Remembermeparti\\:uhrlytol\)Tj 0.561 0.608 0.545 rg 0.629 0 Td (lrjcnckcsfamilyl\)Tj 0.494 0.537 0.486 rg 0.629 0 Td (lrCarpcurers'"L'ucle"I'homna's-"andUncleRose'52\225andallcnguircingfriends..-\\ndmybestLovetuallourfamilyIamDearmotherYour.Iurifull,;on..ICPackardPSjcnckeshasnutreceivedalinefrom.myoftherefamilvhutDaniel"sinceheleftR[andmvnotrcceivciuganyIthinkthevmusthavemislcarricd.'..Thewinterhasbeenvcrvseverehere,Thesnowcontinuedonthegroundaboutsixwedsanditwasslidthethermometerstoodat16degreesbelowzeroinVincennes.Ithinkhoweveritisane.\\Jgeration.AboutafortnightagoIkjllc.laPrairieWolfbrrunninghimdownwithrnvhorseandknockinghim,l"lI"nwhenIcarneupwithhimandvcstcrdavIrunanotherdownbuthadnothingtokillhimwithsohegotawavafterbeingalmostbeetout.[tisfinefunwhenw"n[onc]cangelthimonthePrairie10givethemacha,e,TerreHauteh:\\IJTch1725[To]Mrsbr.;.'l'acbr,1!l':n.lor,e,1[:nmereJApril20•igoCounl;'[I:\\brch181H."J,",I"hn'"t"""\2531\253leJ,.,thecounl.".e.,ljo,['c.unl;-.Th,•1.,,,..1un"""hlh,•I"""".,b"jlr".,,,/""19,1816.Th,•R"lliu,h,d"2/1211,.i"l,",r'l,Li'''4{12t1o.;L.".llr,1/12th,;.nd.\\l…kk,,1/12Ih,…\\I"rkl,•di"idrdhi.jlllo['JUrlh"…il/nins,,,,,.(,."rlhI"Eli.,ki'"C'O'O)',whoi.p""ibl,'.,'"llr.O"j.Cr",bnfo",lhe."hI"t""".Ibtlu"&,,,JII,,•j"""hluro',,,,df.Te,,,•lI,n,I,•w.nd,,,,,,tl'''''''1;,,:.,1f,,,ViI'"t'""",-"or"h'l/i,bl'\253.,1.ppr<"'eJl'"''''''21.Ic,),,,,,b,i,Jpp",,•nll)'.'un,>I'helIrnry)'<cub."f:\\"rw'•",kll"'"li"",J,•"rlin,Inlh..Vi",.."n,•,in'n",J\\'C,li..mrntfir'l'rpu,inltI),•.rm.o..rthe"•i.;\253)"""".r,J'he"f,"S,•"Ch.pStnre"intheh"iIJj,,1''.m"..,I…,,,<upieJb.,'Rr>dlry&R.Jul'•ll.0)'J,,"'.'J"ob.,,ecrivi"l/"'ppli,•,I'''n\)Tj ET BT /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.494 0.537 0.486 rg /C0_0 1 Tf 1.44 0 0 5.76 503.04 91.2 Tm <003B002E003B>Tj 0.62 0.667 0.612 rg 2.88 0 0 5.76 508.32 91.2 Tm <007E>Tj 3.36 0 0 5.76 512.16 91.2 Tm <0022>Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.561 0.608 0.545 rg /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 6.9 0 0 6.9 520.6888 91.2 Tm (,",,,k.,,,,JJ,.mJlj"l/d"thco,lImn•rir,.el'.InJ,""h.,\\:L,R,,)',iJ,•"tiii,'J.,J,n",•,J\225\225ob.,nJ….lexi.LeRov,b,',,,,,,lw,li,.,,,,',,,i"the','mep"pe,th.tlhe<'h.,Jj,mrr<e'I'<Jnil',nJ,kood.b".l.of7Utownlotsand4790dollarswhichisconsideredabout200uOdollars.ThereW.15muchstrifetopre,•entitsbeingthereandagreatruanvoffersoneofwhichwasaQuarterSectionofLandandtenthousand•Jollar>.HuttoreturntothelandthatIbeganabout[,IjudgeColeman>instruc\255t'on,warelUsellitb;.'thefirstofAprilbutbysomeneglecthe,liJnotrn•cil'ethemuntil]hotweekalthoughthevwaredatedthemiddleofDeer..-\)Tj 0.62 0.667 0.612 rg 0.737 0 Td (Shislimirnionexpires;;0soonheintendswritingbythismailforotherdirections,.IfbyanymeansYOUcouldfurnishmewiththemouevIwishYOUwould'forlhelandworthI:;dollarsandif[haditIw•ouldnottake20dolspr..creforIshouldconsidermyselfindependentafteritwasonceunderfenceandbroakup[,]forLandrentedlast."earfor8dollarsPr.urcoronethirdthecrop,]havespokentoColellunwhowillgivemeanslI'erassoon.1ShereceivesonefromDoerCrosbyforshouldIgetthel.mdIshould]-'eperfecd:•contentedaudIknowit":'oucouldsecit;'Ollwouldpurchaseitimmediately.IfyoucanmakeitconvenienttofurnishmewiththemoneydodoitimmcdiatelvsothatIcanbercadvtomeettheanswerofCro;by.Perhapschemay'askallthecashinhm:lthenexttimethereforeIshouldbegladtohavesufficientto[eIitthenforitisrcaly.1greatbargain.Ihavenowaboutsixhundreddollars/;1however[shallhavetopa.I'Illyhoardfortwomonthsoutofitsothatyoumarknoll'howmuch1want.Ifyoucouldgeta,lraftOilVincennesorLouisvilleitwouldheaswella'thelIloney!,]foritisuncertainabouttheEasternmailorpcrhapscjamesjacobs'"wouldbuyadrafton;"U1lifyouwouldpermitmetodr.rw.HehasestabishccihimselfinVincennes.ColoneljcnckcsisnowontoYincenncsgettingonaf.unil:'thathl'h.lshired.Hegivesthenuntwentyt\\\\'odollarsprmonthandthewomanOIH•liftyprweekfor7monthsan,ltheylindthemselves.IshalleXI',",cttosee;'OllOilherethissummerasDaniel.knrknmen\255tione,lyouwasto'tartinilL,.1".Remembermep.1rticubrl;.'to\)Tj 0.494 0.537 0.486 rg 0.591 0 Td (lothnandtherestofthefamil;.'.m,]\225\225\225\22560RHODE1:'1..\)Tj 0.549 0.596 0.522 rg 0.05 Tc 10.4604 0 0 8.3 208.9965 541.44 Tm (:\)Tj 0.612 0.663 0.584 rg 0 Tc 8.3 0 0 8.3 216.8567 541.44 Tm (0HISTORY.\)Tj ET BT /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC /T1_1 1 Tf 0.05 Tc 8.9257 0 0 8.3 528.7495 540.48 Tm (RHODE1:-01.\)Tj 0.612 0.663 0.584 rg 0.05 Tc 10.7816 0 0 8.3 589.2979 540.48 Tm ('\)Tj 12.1551 0 0 8.3 596.4067 540.48 Tm (l)rRWE:'TYourDutifulSonJohnIshallwrite"U"<:el.ThehalfSectionisthe:'ullihof2-(0\\\\'n11Rlngcq.Ill)furnishthemoneelnd\\\)Tj EMC ET BT /T1_0 1 Tf 8.4 0 0 8.4 179.984 275.04 Tm (riteimmedi.nelv.Ro"m'-III""rme,,,111theflmily""IIitlurJ.hlnJlOmc:Jod'"Jonn,fortherearcJ.numl'Crlilltwantedtorurch;lscth…landbuthcinKtheliT'!lhll,-.""tho:agcneIM."Curo::Jit"cforcthem.Ioln:.alreadykenotfcn•J;qu.ltl"rsccticnsofwood…(orthetwoIIh..cght]are<ilU.lleJontheUS!sideofFOriHar\255ri,('I1Prairie30mil"(millTUT<'HJutc..hoot200ofI'uiric",hifkJUlifullBottomwhich111.1\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 8.2 0 0 8.2 597.5844 467.04 Tm (hecasih-clearedJnjt20Aercsof("dlentlimberwilhIWOorrin,!!:'•..lIJ..Shugouump..\)Tj 0.678 0.725 0.659 rg 0.515 0 Td (bout;ori,.tcrcsi.underfencewith[11BighelJthathJ.'beenbrwluptimIcntcndplantingwilhcornthi,>pring.Theremaind…rIshallclonothingwirhuntill'oucome"UIhereorIreceivevouradvice.Iamratheraffraidthou/(hthatwillnot,•i.itthisp.lrtoftheWorld'er.l-\\<JOnforJ…nckesrecei'e,I.1LetterfromDanielinwhichhi.fatherJnJhebelievedyouhJdgilenupalli,leaofcorningout.Iamtohc.rrthatpmarenot10theCountrJ-[-JnotIhJIIshould,\\ish…-uutomocvehereforIamshuruthatmother.lndthe,l(irhwouldnolhecontentedji]theso,:ietyis<0differentfromwhattheyh.rvcbeenusedtoforthe"arc.IIIronuuonfarmersfrom;":Yorkwithhutfellccccptionsabouthere;,"-JthattheYankeescanhelduptheirheadsinthisscnlcrnent.[InItheotherp.trloftheStatetheselllerl.IrefromTcnncscc&.::-.:Carolinaprin<:ip.1JrIII",arcjealousoftheYankees.ProduceishighJnJI"ry",--arceema<--.;uunloftheemigution.ThereisJJayhUItherearc11\\0ormore'aggonshcs;Je.boatswith{;amiliesari"ing-Cornisupto;;osOah;OPotatociIdollarF"bushel!.Therei,nowheattobehaJI;Iflourisdolsf'rhunJ.anJI.10notthinkitwillbe-mucho;-heaJ'<-'rnutOxenm;JlingsizeareworthfromMltoiO.luisifwl:1lbreakifnotaboutto,01,]Cow,1110IIIclolLInI,1hon.:1aboutwhatrhejarewithyou.ThisnotIUtcIluillhorse.for1havenol,"--co.IfathorsesinceIhaveh..;,-nhereI;Jhow"'-erIbel;e'eilisoweingtoth"r"notbeingcn!!"lishinIh…andIhefecJi,altog…thercorn.Th…sw…llingonhors…..gamhrilha.gum•.111thi,winterandthereisthema.lterwithhimani\\".Ilittle"("'hwanting.\)Tj 0.612 0.663 0.584 rg 0.05 Tc 8.9769 0 0 8.2 472.3161 198.24 Tm (\\'ithfespecltotherrin,..fl..lOd-'lrwh.."wnsthem'''1ofamoneinIhe,I.IIeha,.Ili,tnfIh"schewish…1<J…..11whichIh,ll-"SCen,.TheI'ri,-e,arcfWI11(,t"I."!Jollar;Jndnotnneof(h"tIl'0K,w…lasIhatIha'el'"ugh!.\\Ir.IIJrr;s"skedfr"mi10IIJnd\)Tj 0.549 0.596 0.522 rg 0.577 0 Td (lJjor\\IJrlle""",1.1-Ill\)-169(.-r,'sontheI'u;ricI}')milesfromTllaul<'\\\\ilh"utfen.:""rilllpr""'I11"ntfllrHI,j"I_I'r10,1tIlanthaIkecr'th,•1.I""rnJtTliJute,':\\brlle-1,,1.1111""e.l<:r,L"I1,.,,1111".11'lliehcsll>arg.linIh"th'l,jl'eellI11,,,le,in,,,,I)",I(;,;,J,,,In.JIe,.,i,!Ihel.,n,li.we'rtll1:;,1,,11.1r\255,,'"1'10,,",,(>n"lli"""•n,i",,,•<1in1_1.'"\\1.,;",,\)Tj 0.678 0.725 0.659 rg -0.035 Tc 3.2229 0 0 7.1 504.3667 99.84 Tm (10,.10"",\)Tj 0.549 0.596 0.522 rg 0.499 0 Td (1.ukle,01I"II1I''''''"n.memher"iIheII,,,,,•Tn""l-""'r•nr."1'10..nT"'r,'rrcIlA",,-",'_IheAlIJI_;..n."I"il"A'hr'h.Il"n,,-RrJi",o!,,no!h,'h.,ncl.("un"in,h,,,,,_("ArlA;n).n"..W",,,n,",01J"',,"'Il,,,i\225.l.,'\253hr',h,'••l.i,h,II,,,,,."Vincennes16'hAprilIIII\225J-IEnJorsedIanmereJ20\225\225\225\225\225\225ITCapt:'a.muelPad_arJ\225DeJrFatherIrcceivedandEli/asb,llmail.Ihavenowpurchasedahalfsectionoflandfor;dollarspracce[.1onethnu",-,ndclownthereslinonevcar.Ihave,00incashand,00Ihandr-awnabillnnHem-vJacobs\)Tj 0.443 0.482 0.423 rg 1.051 0 Td (Yorkfor.Ih.wewrittento'lrJacobsandrequestedhim;0inform,l"0Uofit.Thehillistwent,'-J,1.naftersight.Irearlywish,l"ouwouldforwardthe1I10ne\)-97('ontohimimmediatelv.Thebargainisag-rcal'elite[.1.ISJenckt-landoneIhinkllanJbysayingyouwouldhell'metoapurchaseIhavedrawn.Themailisnnwaclll$ingandIhavehUIjustaril'cdhere.I;;anexcuseformvnotwritingmore..writemeonthereceiptofthistha.tIkno\\\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 1.169 0 Td (whJItodoandbelielemeyourdutiful]SonJCPadarJIhavenotetreceivedJlinefromhcme]neitherha..lencle.elCeptfromDaniel.DirecteithertoFortHarri….nmTerreHaute.TherearePostofficesa.tbothplaces.TerreHauteisaboutthreemilesbelowtheFenandraebernearerh…re.Dear..•.lthl:rI"rutc.'-ou!.l'1w""lingre,lt1,,1,tefrmll-ineenllesinformingrouIhatIhaJboughtIhehalf"fa,.:ction."!townIIRange<)".for;Jolbr>pr,\\cceonethOU,",lhl,1''''11and.ilhunJreJinonelearwhichIh,,"egil'enaf"r,Ihalep..i,1:;Otl,!c.lIarsanJ,(rawnJhill""lIenryJacohs1-1;Pearl:,\\Yorkfur:;tlUwhichIPrJ,'IllJ)Ix:.,ccepled.Ih,,'-ewrinen.\)-300(Ir.IanJr"'lul'siedhimtoinfurmyuutll"lJhillwillhepre,..,nteJa,dIwishIhal\\u"lIo"IJif"'"I'"''hv,l1l\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.612 0.663 0.584 rg /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 8.2 0 0 8.2 323.016 137.28 Tm (tIl,'allSfurnishIhemoney<enJitUI11<>him;,r,,'rileforhim10billan,1I'UU1I'0ul-1f"rnishttl<'I1lone\)-61(-ill11\\"nl"dal'SforIh"bill.lrawnIInn'l)".lapaftersig-ht….IhopewillI.1I11lululhaSI)alh{illdn'dI,!lou!,lneHrha'eIhoughtofdrawinK.Il,illWilhuul,-uurpnmi",i"nhadtherehl'enanIolher\)Tj 0.612 0.663 0.584 rg -0.035 Tc 6.1767 0 0 8.2 112.3173 78.72 Tm (\\'.11-whJH'dOll<'Ih,•hu,ine",'andifil,h"uldnulmntwilh\\"';"-Jff,•d,..ii',,/J"alina-aIlS'…..ure,h,-lir,1pal'lllent.1,\\.1then1c.inRHODEI!'[.SJ)HISTORYF"tcrc.lie'wouldnotl.lIke'it[Le.,thatpeke]fortheothe'rhalfwhichhe'OWn$forrhevwHealmostthefirstLocationsthJtWHebi.lThe..justcalledforme.wearenowtogotothe'FOriforthedeedtoberecordedwhenIamtop;ayhimthemoneywhichIthoughtIwouldnordobeforeIn'secure..-\\prilllIwenttotheFort.1n.1thereWHe.1numberthat"HemerhatIhadanelcgant[.1suchoneuhJ.nOIbeensincethethentocrownJIIwhenwegaltotheRecordersoffice'mdt<XIkoutthef'.1p<'nIwe)foundthnthe'powerofAttorneywu-whenJndwhereheIonirthegentlemandoesnotknowbutthink.heleftitatthetaverninYincenne..wherehetook<lutthepJpcrstoacknowledgeth",mbeforeJjustice.Ido1'101knowwhenIhavebeen'0.li5.lppointed_Howelw[.1ithefound[;)hewrit",hJ'mailtothetavernktosecifheleftitthere,tornmJ1:illl:'itimp<mihletoread,tphrJsc,-Ed,1nowriteto'IrlJ.tCOh,1to,lC<:eptthebillifthereisonepre,ente.l.1lld.\\"Ouwillsendonthem"n"rinseason[.]forifthePowerisfnun,1I<11,111s..nJunthebill.ISroumentionedthatifIfounclar!.t..ctrutwould-uity"uwouldhell'mewithth..purchaseand[havenfoundsuchJoneJllJthere….JSnoWJytoaccommodatebutbyahillwhichIhop".I'OUwilnthinkmetc]c]hJ,trinJnwing.IfyouknewthesituationJnJtheproberablerisctherewillbehythe",migrJtiolltothiscountrvyouwouldofit,I".IStold.IjustfromOleanPoind,1theheadluteroftheOhioorrarhcrwheretake{tothel1.1thJtthatplacethenWJr",-laOfamiliesbc:.iJoalmostcvcrvpheeonlherilerthereware.Immvmoreontheirwavout,1,hll1writeI-:Ii7,Jnelt'"ed:.whoseletterwithI\\errtoreceiveF"b>t'hilbeingthe,in!wordIhavereceivedfrumhomeforbmonths.Ihopeyou"ill\253rircmeohen,};remembermeto.IIIthefJmily;andhelie\\eme"OUt.lutifull,.,.,nJohnIende)"our10!,p\\'eF1i7J!lot,,"eelFnticnbrd""rirllrmof,.\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.05 Tc 9.3503 0 0 8.5 73.4236 190.08 Tm (n.'thinghere,Pullnswifei,not,udlJ.1i….gn-eJblewoman.ISshe"'a'isquiteJsmarlofhnJlt",l-lItookhleJ1:flstwith\)Tj 0.62 0.667 0.604 rg 0.899 0 Td (P"lleronreturnfrom'i'l(ennes.Hehl,h.ught1(.tnnfromthe;(1JereSulldl'r(e'KeIn,lthepricei.10,jol,prJere.Therri\225.1IfO,KrCi'incheArilis,aid,'I'll<'"'."'>11i,thl'mo,tB.1CkIlJTdofalii'th.llh.l,hlTtlknownhI'th"oldesrset!lers.ThereW,t,in:1SrhirkJS,,:in,lo,,"glls,f<lfthetwomorn\255ingsp.lS!.Thefruittreesware.Illinblo"<Oll1butIthinktherewillhenUllernnIfruitthisselson..-\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC 0.514 0.557 0.502 rg 1.167 0 Td (RHOOEI!'J..-\\SDFRoorsWE!'TIpresumefirstlettermunhavemistforImentionedthatallourthingsarivedhereufeJnJnothingI",stueeptthewlggonwhichjenckesbroughtfromGrcem-,'illel.lthepucewhereIstoppedonaccountofnil'horse.1nJcarneonhorseb;ack.Ilivewithhemenoboard.JendCir"turned\\\)Tj EMC ET BT /T1_0 1 Tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 589.3653 493.44 Tm (iththelastneck.I,h.111letknowwhat\)Tj 0.62 0.667 0.604 rg 0.05 Tc 11.84 0 0 8.5 519.6995 483.36 Tm ('eareaboutinmvnextl.1notha\\'einlf.1nrmoreroom,DirecttoTerreHauteTerreHauteh2,'-igo.\\prilllslSingleIn.-li.1n.11-1'01Clpt[Endorsed)answered20(Tobecondudedill/henestisme)BookReviewRnGl::R\)Tj 0.514 0.557 0.502 rg 0.337 0 Td (Vll.t,'H1S:LEAnFROFDnlO('RKYThf'GrmOl'/WeStm"JOn;Some1:',,,,lIl1f/f'J1m",thf'/liJ(I)()'(,1.1/'fJlil;C,11erurl,H,\)-40('JohnDosPJS5m.Co.,IIl..I.rr.4!1I.Reader'oftheDoe1'11505fromwhosemin.-l.lItypewriterhshioned,lh'llrJlf.znTr<Zml".ThruSIJ/J;rrlan.IThf'oil'PX.JIlf'1willhardlj-bepreparedforthis.hisLuestpublication.Itissodirlereneinpur\255pose.inloneqU.11iIJ•anJinspiritfromthoseearlierooohwithwhichhealwaysi,associated._\\bsenti,thebelligerentcynic.lindtheshock-seeker.HereisJohnnosP.1S005(ofpersons)earnestlyinghimselftothela,kofwritingsincere,personJIhistorj-.Thoughhi,m.1teri.1l.throughlensesofrealism,thereisnotraceofthedebunker.Hei.evenrc-pecrfulinhi.considerationofolJtraditionswhichone"",mldnpectthf'I),,,,toteuaplrt.IntherrolO/l:ue.hi.purposeisre"eatedwhenheremindsu,incJ,I'timc'.hi'lOrI-i."tortofamonumenUllfl.Butinrim…nfwe'He,hil'entolhcwritlenrC("otdhytheneedtollnJtolheriddlesofto.by:•heiswritinginwithnunr.tOOriddlesstillSohe•has'ietout10returntolhe.tnteeedenlSofthercpuhlic11nemaintrailtlkeshimhadh.\)Tj 0.514 0.557 0.502 rg 0.05 Tc 10.4129 0 0 8.5 607.6754 147.84 Tm (\\'illiam'."thefir'tgreJtlcJdcrof,1emocr,lC\\-in,\)-228(mericJnlik";th",otherro'I'h,"nasIl,tTerson.'I'hellfono\\\\".idetrips10S,llJ1lJ..1.\\J.tlns.JodB.trlow.a';,!IIcllr.1Rradenridge.HisSam.JalJ1sisaJmirJhk.The])",I',.",mI'er.i""i,.\)Tj 0.686 0.733 0.674 rg 0.679 0 Td (blen,lingofthequ,llitic.th.llm.l,le:\\,bm'in"lImp,""enta,.tmlle,-IOTlIflalelbUlJl'iJi!oruusforceillth",of1mohintnlIIotion.IUlOm:1:'1..\)-166(:,\)-12(1)III:-OTORIL\)-184(1.:,oCHTYf'!.'J-l-]..L!-l-,1311.001.1:;2.lll$1:"'2-1-.111.9:':'.jf1I.lil,I..!-H.-1-ll:;.Hl\225.!74.15Iso.ooi.rrs.on.!OJ.9-l\255]><6.05$oj.BU.I].1f.OA.!><9U89jHl9JH.2-1-Rl'ai/,li.\\nnuallIucsHividcndsJ.nJInterestRcntJ.lofRoom,SJkofl'ublications:'tatc.\\I'l'rurriationl'urcl,.l>CofSundriesTO!.l!OperatingIncome/)iilJf/rIt'/111',,1IanJExpensesH..rksPeriodicalsIleal.In-urance.OrJinaf\)-51('R'•pJ.;rsI'uvlicati"n'Committee.\\lcml:>c,-.hipCommitteeI,ectureComminceTUIJIOpuatil1,i:DisbursementsRenovation1'J-l-1PurchaseofTOTALDI,/'l"Il'/_\\H"rsExec\273ofReceiptsoverDisbursementsCashonhanJ1.I'HICashonhan..!Dec.31.1<}-1-11"",,11/1'jfJr'hI')"I'ul'/9-11JdlcnullIIIhi"handsd'L'line11"111<:-ling-r.nvsmau,respected,111Amer-icanswhohaveeverpaU>led10makehis;K'luainlanc"betweentheofabook.ButitiswithRogerWilliamsthai1>0;I'assosm,lRhodeIsbnJcn3ft:moo;(concerned.Theauthor',admirationforthepioneer"h""cm,..:Janocean.bringingtheseedsofJwholeci"ilil-<31ioninhi,head"creepsIhroulil'hthepagel',butJ!W;lySeecapc-theboilingpoint"fheroworship,Thispreacher.'"'rioter.readeran,jlinguis'i<toP..,,;os110hollowidol,bUIJmavrcrmoulderoftheth""ltht<"fmenJndJcuurageouslI:ui.leof,1gropingJX'Opk.ThoughitismurhthelongestofthehiographicsintheI"Kll.ilisMillonlvJlifeinminiauH<'.notJfulengthportrait.HutIemrcell!n"oth•…rpuh1ic.llionwhichreveals"0totherC.I,lnJ.,-lc.H1'.111orJ.I11.1.,f]"thCenturrf':11.'(bnJwithrJ.rticuLirreference10therdati"nof.1violcnrlvc1unlt;n,l:0],1En,l:bn.l10Ollr"\\\\'1'<'CI;onofInl,l1in,l:\\.;C\\\)Tj EMC /Suspect <</Conf 0 >>BDC /C0_0 1 Tf 4.32 0 0 8.64 74.4 378.72 Tm <0046>Tj 0.686 0.737 0.686 rg 3.36 0 0 8.64 80.16 378.72 Tm <006E>Tj 3.84 0 0 8.64 84.48 378.72 Tm <0067>Tj 6.72 0 0 8.64 87.84 378.72 Tm <0068>Tj 3.84 0 0 8.64 95.52 378.72 Tm <006E>Tj 1.92 0 0 8.64 100.32 378.72 Tm <002C007E>Tj 0.96 0 0 8.64 105.6 378.72 Tm <002E>Tj EMC ET BT 0.624 0.671 0.616 rg /T1_0 1 Tf 0 Tc 8.7 0 0 8.7 83.4282 369.6 Tm (Ofcoursetheboo!'isnot"ithoutfault-.1).-,…1'.1"''',,,:\\,r,nul,lre,;,tTieinghiswritingwithsbng.J.nJhesuccumh>h,•,.•.James:'IUarl,wcHCtold.WJ.S"onthcmJ.kc";and:O;rfdwn.lCohorried10"frame"Raleigh.Therear…,potowheretheworkisch"I'I'."\\tnl.lnypo;nt,itt:i…,sthereadertheimprc..s;onthattheauthoron,'.!.T.,";nll'n,htoreturnIIIectcndIhe<,..oketdle'10,i:r'•J.lt•r,,,hI,krth.InthecaseofI{og,'r\\\)Tj 0.624 0.671 0.616 rg 0 Tc 8.7 0 0 8.7 107.8152 309.6 Tm (•illb1l1'….speci.lllr.thi,reviewerloope,thathewill.hceJ.usctheessenceof.1n"uhleishere.ProvidencePCI..t:.,.,8\\1..\)-191('0.:'Ilu:r.'I.I'HITheaccuuntxofrhc:"K'i,'II'wacaudited1".,\)-211(I[rc,lJ.'i"r"underIhedirectionofthe.\\u.!it•Comminc….Joh"nII.wells.CI.lirmJn.f1:;-1-,1.1:;.60R"1lIIIIT.00,,"'-'.Trl';JJurerfI2.2I,-l-.!;,11.7.H-l-X!rs.ono.ooI'-1-.(I'-1-.9-l\255,1>11.-2LidJi/ifio;FunJR''''r\)-207(''>.1c,JdicitIncomeSurplusAIiI'I,:CashIle!'l)sitIn'cstm"nuPropertyo.."011aeerl'tl('1jted.•OIITII\\VITIltorepnlr10Ihl'"andTAREARMS,"".'IVE\225\225\\\\'.KING.TOTHECITIZENSr,;1'1(.\\u-/;!Nc\\vs-NotesoftheRhodeIslandIlistoricalSocietyOurplansformOI"ingtoJohnBrownHOI.I,earcrrogre,singsarisfac\255torilv.Thenullingofhoththe,ilver-nultwine-cellarhJSbeenreinforcedwithnmnde;,n,lthe\\'cilingoftheLuterstrcngrhcncdwithmetalbe,ms.shl•lI-inghasheenimt.ll1eJ.Themaiuhousehasbeenfittedwill,additionalclcct-icaloutlets..\)Tj 0.596 0.647 0.577 rg 0.885 0 Td (blowerscsrerntocirculatetheheatisnearingcompletion."WeexpecllOhcginmO"in,l:"aboutApriltim.Itwillbeaslowpn…e".ne(essitalinganalmostcompletesuspensionofactiviticsofthe\)Tj 0.435 0.475 0.416 rg -0.035 Tc 4.6549 0 0 8.2 93.2331 459.5436 Tm (J;ierequesttheindulgenceofommembersandlh<:publicJuringthi,periodofunavoidablercstricrjonanddislocation.\225\225\225\225\225TheSouthernXcwFn,l:"landConf"ren(eofHis:oci(',1So(ielil"hl•'.litsfirstmeetingintheCahind,J.ll1llH.'•171h.Dc'kgale,from11"i('tie'attended.Loring\\lc:'llilkn.Director,.";t.1tl'nIslandHisloricalS.iel\\.spokeonthesubject,"110\\\)Tj /T1_1 1 Tf 10.3 0 0 10.3 201.0111 384.6443 Tm (weSlud:.onI,land:"OnSunday,lst,Dr"Rachel1.Huri.Kjlparrickleda!i"rl:\255discussionfol1o\\\\'ingthere.l,lingofher['.'per."Tr;1l"kin,l:"DownRhodeIslandDialects."Thelargenumberof.1CTepl.l11(eSforC.lpt.GeorgeH.Bowdcv'stalkon"TheStrategicof;-';.nragan,e!linXavalllistorv;"ne,-e"iUlcdtherem",altolhePictureGallcrvatFauncekindh"1".lne,1fortheo<'c"ionbvBrownlTnil•e;lill.LeonardBacon.I'ulil;nI'ri/,c\)Tj 0.435 0.475 0.416 rg 0.413 0 Td (\\-'innerforl'oetr.",•1'HI,/!.ll'eaofhisownpoem"Sun,la.I',!\\-larchlst,"Sciencedurin/!theRevolution,with'pccialreferenCl'10Rho.ic1,l.lnJ"theIO,,j,'"hosenh.'I.BernardCohen,ofHarvardUnivcrsitvforthe<:IT:1ill/!of!'-hrch241h.\225\225\225\225ThenewConstitutionadopted"ttheAnnualm….ling.191h,hc<:nprintedandcopiesarcavailnblcOilre<.jl.l..st.changesweremadeinthelistofoffice-s:llarrisfl.BurklillwaselectedPresident,Ch.lrksB.\\hdinm'\\"\225.1"icel'rcsidcnt.(icorgl'I..,\)Tj 0.05 Tc 8.5865 0 0 8.2 109.1439 209.2349 Tm (Iinerbecame"I'rcnsurcr..111,1thegentlemenchairmenofCommittees:H..:'Ilemhuship;CharlesC.Relllin,l:"ton,I,ihran';AlbertH.1'obnJ,Fin.mcc."I'heotherofficersand..hainnmofCO;llmineeskindlvconsentedtocontinuetheirservicesforanothervcar,WcstcotcH.'Chesehrnugh\\\\'.1SelectedAssistantSccrctnrvandiluwarJ\)Tj 0.435 0.475 0.416 rg 0.05 Tc 9.5298 0 0 8.2 129.9824 158.4966 Tm (\\'.\\\\-'ihon,,\\"i'lanlTrea,urer.,\)-253(tasubsequentmeetingoftheExecutiveCommiucc.WilliamC.RoclkcrW."electedDirect";andLibra-ian.w.n.1<.